summary. Garaigordobil, M., Bernarás, E., Jaureguizar, J., & Machimbarrena, J. M. (2017). Childhood depression: relation to adaptive, clinical and predictor variables. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 821. The article hints that depression is one of the most compelling diseases challenging human life in the contemporary world.
At times some people can appear happy and joyful, but inside they’re struggling with the symptoms of depression. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines depression as,” a state of being depressed, dejection” and “a mood disorder.” Being depressed is a real illness. Depression affects 3 to 5 percent of children and adolescents. At some point in life, we may
According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2016) thoroughly defines and explains depression as a mood disorder. Being both common and serious depression is attached to symptoms affecting how one feels, thinks, performs tasks, sleeps, and even eats (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). Symptoms related directly to depression need to be present for two weeks or more in order for there to be an overall diagnosis of depression (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). While many people view depression as a single disorder greatly associated with sadness, but it is important to note that there are different forms of depression that may occur and be associated with children and adolescents. The possible different forms of depression
1.6 Psychological Theories of Depression According to Dr. Aaron Beck, negative thoughts, generated by dysfunctional beliefs are typically the primary cause of depressive symptoms. A direct relationship occurs between the amount and severity of someone's negative thoughts and the severity of their depressive symptoms. In other words, the more negative thoughts you experience, the more depressed you will become. (Beck ,1967). According to behaviorist Peter Lewinsohn argued that depression is caused by a combination of stressors in a person's environment and a lack of personal skills.
Mood disorders are considered to be along a spectrum of two poles. One pole is depression which is a low sad-feeling, mood state(Aguirre 1). The other pole is mania. Which is a high, elated, an agitated mood(Aguirre 1), People with this illness moods change dramatically, at moment they could be fine and then the next moment they will be in a depressed state. When depression starts affecting you mentally/emotionally people may feel hopeless, helpless and guilty for all the bad things that happen in their lives and the world (Aguirre 2).
The Journal of Social Psychology, 140(5), 608–614. doi:10.1080/00224540009600500 Tilghman-Osborne, C., Cole, D. A., Felton, J. W., & Ciesla, J. A. (2008). Relation of guilt, shame, behavioral and characterological self-blame to depressive symptoms in adolescents over time.
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction The Oxford Dictionary (2016) defines depression as the feelings of dejection and despondency. Depression can also be defined as having guilty feelings and lacking of energy, appetite and sleep. According to Beck (1976), there are four levels of depression; minimal depression, mild depression, moderate depression and severe depression. Self-esteem can be defined as the level of confidence in one's own worth or abilities. According to Rosenberg (1965), there are two levels of self-esteem; low self-esteem and high self-esteem.
The importance of family function to depression was proven in a one way analyses of variance in the scores of 162 5th and 6th grade students in Korea on the Smilkstein’s family APGAR score and Kovac’s Children’s depression Inventory. Depression turned out to be lower with children who have frequent family meals. they also had better conversation and atmosphere during meals. (Kim et al., 2013). It is also found out that there is significant relationship between family dysfunction and depression among 140 college students in Iran in a study conducted in 2012.
What is depression Depression is a serious, and often underestimated, mental condition that affects both mind and body of millions of university students worldwide each year. This mental disorder negatively affects how a person feels, the way he/she thinks and how he/she acts. It causes feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities once enjoyed. It can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems and can decrease a person’s ability to function at work, school and at home-among students this medical condition often leads to fail and discontinues and dropping out of university. Depression is different from sadness or grief/bereavement and shouldn’t be confused with the latter.
(Depression and Anhedonia”, 2009) states, “Anhedonia is one of the main symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD). It is the loss of interest in previously rewarding or enjoyable activities. People suffering from clinical depression lose interest in hobbies, friends, work”. This simply shows that when someone is dealing with Depression it makes them unable to show interest in things they were once interested in, making it harder to look at things positively and find pleasure in the good things in life. To prove this point, a professor named Aaron Heller did a study of the brain to show that individuals with Depression have a less positive response to certain things than someone without Depression.