This ‘cashlessness’, if intended to promote a long-term cashless economy is actually not demonetisation; rather it’s monetisation of the economy. The quantum of money multiplication from cash through the banking system should be assumed by the productive forces of the economy. However, the critical aspect is that the fiscal policies should work in tandem with the monetisation drive.
As far as the prevailing sense permits, the surplus by authoritarian coercion is feudal wealth and the surplus by productivity is the formation of capital. The element of coercion subsists even in the ‘much debated’ historical transition process to capitalistic development owing to the simultaneous persistence of rent seeking wealth and chaste productivity-linked capital. The anatomical features of the human societies have silhouetted this inevitable juncture in the contemporary world. And, the growth of mercantile trade has been a key enabler in this transition. In the erstwhile colonies like India, this transition is certainly bewildered by a longing colonial economy. Again, this transition has direct bang on the collateral political processes to legitimise the socio-economic relations.
Concurrently, the monetary economics has
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The monetization limits economic activities only through the use of money and bars unorganised activities in the economy. In that sense, the regulation through monetary policy has both technological prudence and humanistic externalities. An, a highly monetised economy can also make the fiscal policies ineffective to generate fiscal money, because the humanistic externalities can only be internalised by fiscal policies that aim at the total level and composition of spending in an economy. Therefore, the simultaneous presence, as I have mentioned earlier, will create a degree of conflict between the empowerment through social and monetary mechanism in the transitional
The British improved and modernized India which formed their efficiency that they have today. They established railroads and bridges so people can travel thru their country easier. The British also ingrained a fair trading system between India and British. Some may claim that it was not fair because the Indian textiles were getting sold less and less. From 1790 and so on the sales of Indian textiles progressively declined (Doc. 6).
During the 19th century, the American people were experiencing a revolution concerning both the economy and religion, in what is recognized today as the Market Revolution and the Second Great Awakening. A rapid increase in the population within the countryside, and the development of new technology outburst a change in the economy from one of local exchanges to one governed by capital and capitalists. Family owned businesses began to expand and sold their items not only among a small community, but now products were being shipped to different ports along the colonies. The industrialization movement was rapidly approaching that “Indian removal was necessary for the opening of the vast American lands to agriculture, to commerce, to markets, to
The United States proved to be one of the strongest and most influential countries in the world. But as any other country, it went through some difficult times, economical break downs, market crashes, wars, natural and technological disasters. There were also some events that dramatically changed the economical path of not only United States, but the whole world. One of such events was a “Nixon Shock” in 1971, the decision to break Bretton Woods agreement and close the Gold Window, meaning to break the last connections with Gold Standard. The consequences of this act completely changed the monetary system around the world.
The Portuguese controlled trade by enforcing tolls and taking over ships that didn’t pay the toll. In ship passes owned by Portugal they imposed a toll to improve the trade and obtain more money, however when the toll was not paid they would rob and capture people on the ship (Doc. 5). Before the Portuguese took over there were never any tolls that profited the portuguese. Thus shows a large extent of change because tolls were now being enforced. The muslim scholar addresses to the Southern Indian Muslims what trade is like after the Portuguese took over.
This gives government the ability to keep a steady balance in the economy. Another way the federal government can regulate money is by the monetary policy, which gives the government the ability to manipulate the money supply. As long as this power isn 't abused it can help restore order in the economy. Use what you’ve learned about the structure of Russia’s government and the power of its branches to describe how public
Just as the Indian Ocean Basin helped spread religion to east and southeast Asia, similarly, the Silk Road spread Buddhism to southeast and central Asia. From this evidence, it is clear that the dynamics of cross-cultural exchanges in the Indian Ocean Basin was mainly through trade and
Trade has been a driving force in global history, shaping societies and economies across the world. It helped bring in many resources to other countries through cultural diffusion and opened new opportunities for citizens. Nevertheless, trading has also caused overproduction in certain areas and limited resources available. Trade has been shown in global history through Middle Eastern trade routes (Document 1), Timbuktu during the height of the Mali Empire (Document 2), and Caravans from the northern coast (Document 2). Trade had a significant impact on culture and society.
The capital holders didn’t care at all about how they create wealth,they just wanted to make more and more money without considering the implication of their actions because at some point the number of produced products will outmatch the number of consumers which will lead to a rapid price decline. The government made some attempts to regulate the businesses such as the creation of health agency bureau. The inspector of Durham's factory “does not have the way of a man who worked to death”(Sinclair 22).The inspector behavior reveals the ignorance that had filled the entire system from top to bottom. Even the the people who carried on a simple job didn’t care about the consequences of their carelessness which
The Indian Ocean Trade was a very important factor of exchange in history between the East and the West. Many changes and continuities have been seen in trade on the Indian Ocean region between 650 CE to 1750 CE. One of the many continuities of the Indian Ocean trade involves the use of the same trade routes for the exchange of goods between many trading groups. One of the many changes of the Indian Ocean trade is with the Europeans stepping into the trade as well with the Asians and further deepen their involvement with the trade.
The British took India’s economic benefits by taking raw materials from India at a cheap price, manufactured, then sell them back to India with a higher price. Because of this, India becomes a nation that lack of ability to manufacture raw materials themselves and needed to import British goods. This caused India to struggle with the issue surrounds extreme poverty and low standard of living (“Document
From 1850 to 1914, industrialized European nations used imperialism to seize colonies, dominate the local governments and economies in Africa and Asia. Their motives were both economical and ideological. In Asia, India was dubbed as the “ Jewel of the Crown”, due to the of the amount of wealth Britain obtained from this region. British East India Company established trading rights during the Mughal empire between Britain and India in the 1600s. The company controlled India without much interference from Britain.
The events of the 1980s and early 1990s do not appear to have been consistent with the hypotheses of either the monetarist or new classical schools. New Keynesian economists have incorporated major elements of the ideas of the monetarist and new classical schools into their formulation of macroeconomic
Imperialism and Colonialism are related to the extension of authority, influence, and domination of one society on another (as Dr. Wang stated in lecture 4). The difference between Imperialism and Colonialism is that the former is an idea whereas the latter is an application or practice. The motivations behind Western Colonialism included a drive for national pride, a misapplication of social Darwinism, and a desire for raw materials (Murphey, 298). As discussed in the week 5 lecture, colonial rule took the form of direct rule, pseudo-indirect rule, and indirect rule. Imperialism and Colonialism caused a shift in power from China to Japan, growth of trade in India, and variable responses in Southeast Asia.
The historical event of the Great Divergence has been relentlessly approached by a considerable number of scholars, especially throughout the last decade. The answer to the question of which is the distinctive element of the Great Divergence, the one that sets it apart it from other forms of economic, social and cultural evolution that have transformed our world since the beginning of time, will differ depending on what group of historians you ask. For this reason precisely, it is crucial that each of us strives to clarify our response to the doubt of what it was that made this process so relevant to the centuries which came after it. In order to accomplish this, we must first delineate our views on Europe and Asia, erasing our former pre-conceived
ROLE OF MONEY IN MACROECONOMICS 1. Introduction Money can be seen as the medium of exchange which is acceptable while transaction is being undertaken between two parties. Some of the common forms of money are: - Commodity money: This is when the value of the good represents its value in terms of money like gold or silver. - Fiat money: This is when the value of the good is less than the value it represents - Bank money: It is the accounting credits that can be used by the depositor Money serves a variety of crucial functions in the economy and this is why it has gained an unparalleled influence in the matters of economy at micro as well as macro levels. Some of the features of money that make it so important for any economy are as follows: