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Catalina Shist Case Study

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1. What is subduction and how did it plus faulting lead to the formation of Catalina’s island?


Blueschist, greenschist, and amphibolite rocks are typically found in this order from top to bottom. Amphibolite is found at more intense pressures and temperatures than schists are found due to these metamorphic rocks being made from sediments that get subducted back down into the mantle. The unique Catalina Schist was formed when these layers of rock in the Farallon plate became subducted underneath the North American plate and eventually becoming “stuck.” This phenomenon is called a thermally inverted pattern, in which the subducting plate becomes folded and the layers of rock bend. This bend led to the Catalina Schist which is where you will find amphibolite on top of the green, …show more content…

Describe or diagram the lifecycle of a kelp.

Life cycle of kelp can differ between perennial kelp and annual kelp. Yet both types of kelp live a two-stage life cycle. Their haploid phase begins when mature organisms release spores and then germinate to become male or female gametophytes. Their sexual reproduction then results in the diploid sporophyte stage, in which the male sperm and the female egg have fertilized. After the kelp has matures, it will then release spores and the life cycle begins again.

2.b. Why are otters referred to as a “keystone predator” in kelp forest ecosystems? Sea otters play crucial roles in their kelp forest ecosystems because their lifestyles maintain their habitat. Sea otters eat 25-30% of their body weight per day, which can be up to 25 lbs. of food per day for some large male otters. Their diet being mainly sea urchins, the sea otters keep the urchin population under control which allows for other life within the kelp ecosystem to survive and create a balanced ecosystem. Without the sea otters in a kelp ecosystem, the sea urchins can take over and disrupt the ecosystem by killing out some algae species and some fish which live in the

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