Catheter Lab Report
Pulmonary Artery Pressure Monitoring
This monitors the pressures in the right side of the heart and indirectly measures the left side of the heart. This is the most invasive catheter used in critical care, and routine use of the pulmonary artery (PA) catheter is controversial; it can assess many hemodynamic parameters such as PA systolic and diastolic, pulmonary MAP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), and cardiac output. Cardiac output is used to calculate other parameters such as cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). PAWP is also known as pulmonary artery occlusive pressure or pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.
The traditional PA catheter is known as a Swan-Ganz catheter after its inventors, and the thermodilution catheter after the principle behind its operation. The basic catheter has four lumens: RA pressure, PA pressures, PAWP, and cardiac output. There are other versions of this catheter with advanced features, such as additional atria lumens for intravenous infusion, continuous mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2), continuous cardiac output monitoring, and pacemaker functions. Before insertion of this catheter, the flush system is connected to the transducer, zeroed, and leveled. The lumens of
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The estimation of preload is based on the assumption that pressure and volume are equated. Therefore, pressures are used to estimate end diastolic volume. Likewise, RA pressure is used to assess end diastolic volume of the RV, and PAWP is used to evaluate left ventricular preload. Afterload is the resistance to ventricular ejection and is influenced by PVR. PVR assesses the right ventricular afterload, and SVR indexed to BSA estimates left ventricular afterload (Morton & Fontaine, 2013). Contractility is not directly determined; however, stroke volume index for right and left ventricles is used to estimate
Tn 4351 Unit 5 Lab Report
506 Words | 3 PagesTn 4351 was originally isolated from bacteroides fragilis [30] . The transposon was successfully introduced into Cytophaga succinicans, Flavobacterium meningosepticum, Flexibacter canadiansis, Flexibacter strain SFI and Sporocytophaga myxococcoides by conjugation [25]. Tn 4351carries two antibiotic resistance gene. One of the codes for resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin which is expressed in bactroides but not in E.Coli. The other gene codes for resistance in tetracycline and is expressed in aerobically grpwn E. coli, but not in anaerobically grpwn E. coli or in bacteroides.
Summary: Skeletal Muscles
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Essay On Intermittent Catheterization
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Chest Radiograph Essay
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1534 Words | 7 PagesThe Amplatz dilator set was developed to compensate for some of the deficiencies of the preexisting serial fascial dilators.27 In the amplatz system, an 8F angiographic catheter is initially inserted over the working guidewire. The progressively larger dilators then are inserted serially over this guidewire and catheter combination. This additional obturator stiffness greatly reduces the risk of perinephric guidewire buckling. The individual Amplatz dilators are also relatively rigid, and in combination with the stiffer working wire-catheter complex, they permit acute tract dilation through rigid perinephric scar tissue in nearly all patients.
Peripheral Perfusion Index
733 Words | 3 PagesThe Peripheral Perfusion index (PI) is the ratio of the pulsatile blood flow to the non-pulsatile or static blood in peripheral tissue. Perfusion Index thus represents a non-invasive measure of peripheral perfusion that can be continuously and noninvasively obtained from a pulse oximeter. A site with high pulse amplitude (high PI number) generally indicates an optimal monitoring site for other pulse oximetry and Pulse CO-Oximetry measures. The fingertip is the standard monitoring site for pulse oximetry. The difference between the rate of oxygenated haemoglobin and reduced haemoglobin as arterial oxygen saturation is measured by the amount of light absorbed by the tissue when light is transmitted through the finger.
Coagulation Lab Report
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