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Cause Of Preeclampsia Essay

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Preeclampsia

Aetiology
Causes of the disease:
The cause of preeclampsia is a high blood pressure and proteinuria (5grams or more in 24 hours) in pregnant woman.
The exact cause of preeclampsia is not known but it is believed that the causes of preeclampsia is far more than high BP and renal disease but other causes involved such as previous history of preeclampsia, family history of preeclampsia, Chronic hypertension (long term high blood pressure), Liver disease (AST and ALT, ALP as well as low albumin protein), abnormal placentation (poor uterine and placental perfusion, leading to a state of hypoxia and increasing oxidative stress and result in anti-angiogenic proteins among with inflammatory mediators into the maternal plasma) previous…show more content…
The poorly perfused and hypoxic placenta is thought to synthesise and release increased amount of vasoactive factors including soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 receptor antibodies (AT-AA) and thromboxane TX. Elevation in these factors are proposed to result in endothelial dysfunction by decreases in bioavailable Nitric Oxide (NO) and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endothelien-1(ET-1), which in turn result in changed renal function, increased total peripheral resistance (TRP), and ultimately hypertension. PIGF is a placental growth factor and VEGF is a vascular endothelial growth factor. These are…show more content…
References
Anthony T. Hypertension during pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynecol 1995; 97: 523-29.
Brian K,2014. Causes of preeclampsia. Available from https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/preeclampsia (accessed on 8th of march 2017).
Ciara T, Emilie E, Kate U, Zeinb W, Kim N, Donald R 2015. Preeclampsia: incidence and maternal-fetal outcome - a prospective study. Intensive Care Med; 17: 275-8.
Dalia B, Niamh A, Mark V, Steph C 2016. Pregnancy-related mortality and mortality, Obstet Gynecol; 89: 162-6.
Fukui A. Naural Killer Cell and Preeclampsia. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/223644232. Accessed on 12 of March 2017).
Kiara Wong, 2015.Pathogensis of Preeclampsia. Available from http://physiologyonline.physiology.org/content/24/3/147. (Accessed on on 11th of March
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