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Causes And Effects Of Urbanisation

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CHAPTER 1 Introduction

1.1. Urbanisation

Process of increasing population in urban areas of the country is termed as urbanisation. Basically it is due to the following factors because of which population increase happens in any urban area.
1. Natural increase – Natural increase in the population i.e. because of the birth rate (number of births in a particular period of time) increase within an urban area
2. Migration – Shift or migration of people from other / rural areas to more urban areas
3. Economic opportunities - In search of economic opportunities, better transportation, adequate infrastructure, and better education etc. people tend to choose urban over rural areas to live in.
4. Social factors – Standard of living, aspirations, and need for better infrastructural services, public facilities also contribute from people to strategically more from other regions to more urban areas.
5. Governance – Many towns are labelled as cities of different classes (I/II/III/IV/V) based on their populations as per census definition of urban areas.
1.1.1. Trends in urban growth

According to the 2011 Census, urbanisation has increased faster than expected. This has reversed the declining trend in the growth rate of the urban population observed during the 1980s and 1990s. (Bhagat, 2011). With the current growth patterns, India with a population close to 1.252 billion (Census, 2015) is highly urbanising and its cities are to be considered as economic development centres which

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