•Contact community officials to find out if they are planning to construct barriers (levees, beams, or floodwalls) to stop floodwater from entering the homes in your area. •Seal the walls in your basement with waterproofing compounds to avoid seepage. If a flood is likely in your area, you should: •Listen to the radio or television for information. •Be aware that flash flooding can occur. If there is any possibility of a flash flood, move immediately to higher ground.
Though it is impossible to avoid risks of floods or prevent their occurrence, however it is possible to work on the reduction of their effects and to reduce the losses which they may cause. Flash flood mapping of study area to identify sites in high risk flood zones is one of the powerful tools for this purpose. Mapping flash flood will prove to be beneficial for urban and infrastructure planners, risk managers and disaster response or emergency services during extreme and intense rainfall events. The objective of this paper is to construct flash flood map for Najran city, Saudi Arabia, using satellite images and GIS tools. To do so, we use SPOT and SRTM DEMs data for which accuracy assessment is achieved by using check points, obtained by GPS observations.
This was the flood that convinced authorities that something had to be done as the damage to infrastructure and homes exceeded $20 million (around $400 million in current figures). The risk to human life was becoming more evident as the population grew and changes made to the land exacerbated the risk of flooding. The public and city administrators pushed for flood prevention, and by 1921, the direction of the River had been moved away from the harbor. In addition, three large dams were built in the foothills to help regulate runoff. Only one of the three, Devils Gate Dam, which was constructed on Arroyo Seco, was built in the River system.
Global warming plays a large part in the cause of drought. A. Global warming causes many deadly effects that people often ignore, as they don’t believe the reason of effects is global warming, but global warming truly causes many problems. 1. Global warming is causing rising seas which dramatically effect all sorts of different things.
He further describes that whenever planted land is flooded with excessive spring rains, then some degree of harm is probably inevitable, the depth of damage depends on the nature of the crops, nature of flood, duration of flood, and the temperature at the time of flood. Furthermore he concludes that damage occurs because flooding depletes the quantity of oxygen and Nitrogen, plants may require oxygen and nitrogen for proper growth, development and metabolism. Flood mainly result in highly diseases which reduces production , growth and development, and usually causes soil nitrogen losses which can severely restricts yield if nitrogen is not
In our natural environment the effect of acid rain can clearly be seen in the degradation of forests and the destruction of aquatic life in dams and rivers. We can look at the Black Forest in Germany that has big areas of dying trees that scientists contribute to acid rain (Park 1987:100). Soil loses its ability to neutralize the acidity from acid rain after a time which results in a drop in the PH level of the soil and this in turn slows down the growth rate of trees, it also weakens the tree to the extent that it becomes easy for parasites to infest and eventually kill. This is not the only effect that acid rain has on soil. When acid rain moves through soil it can mobilize toxic metals like aluminum and mercury that are already in the soil (Siegel 2002:52).
Even if there is a mains connection available, rainwater can be used either to meet all a building’s demand for water (depending on users’ water needs) or to meet some water supply needs such as providing water for gardening, flushing the toilet, and/or bathing and clothes washing. Using rainwater can reduce costs for users on a metered water supply, provide an emergency supply, reduce demand on mains water supplies, provide an independent supply for watering the garden. Rainwater can be collected from rivers or roofs, and in many places. The harvested water can also be used as drinking water, longer-term storage, and for other purposes such as groundwater recharge. Rainwater harvesting is one of the simplest and oldest methods of self-supply of water for households usually financed by the users.
SOIL EROSION I. INTRODUCTION Soil erosion is one of the most devastating environmental disasters which always happen all over the globe and it is caused by unavoidable natural phenomenon factors such as climatic factor, physical characteristics of soil and cover and management factor and the solution on how to reduce soil erosion which are managing soil surfaces, improving organic matter and making grasses waterway. II. BODY Factor of Soil Erosion A. One of the reasons that contribute to this soil erosion problem is climatic factor.
Prevention of floods in Singapore Water is indeed a very useful thing .we use it for many purposes. But it can also be human’s bitterest enemy. We have all heard the phrase “Many drops make an ocean”. In fact it could also make a flood. A drop might not be lot but when millions join hands, a flood can be a live nightmare This is one example of a flood that occurred right here in Singapore in Singapore, flash floods are actually quite common .in fact, there is almost 10 happening every year.
DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL ACCURACY ANALYSIS FOR DEVELOPING FLOOD MODELLING ON LOWLAND AREA Abstract. Flooding has been categorized as one of the natural disaster that could be avoided when the elevation data for required area was accurate to be process for the next step of solutions. The research had been carried out in order to gain an accurate data for helping the responsible officers to produce flood modeling. The research about the application of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) in the context of hydrology was increased due to find out or produced models that would help to solve the hydrology problems such as flooding. The accuracy for DEM produced on the lowland area was helped the authorities to process the flood mapping because the DEM produced showed an elevation data result.