Cellular Respiration Process

Cellular Respiration One of the main essentials of life that all organisms need in order to function in our world is, energy. We receive that energy from the food that we eat. Cellular respiration is the most efficient way for a cell to receive the energy stored in food. In cellular respiration, a catabolic pathway, which breaks down the molecules into smaller units, in order to produce adenosine triphosphate, also known as, ATP. ATP, is used by cells in the act of regular cellular operations, it is a “high energy” molecule.

The two reactants in cellular respiration are glucose and oxygen. Cellular respiration has three products as a result of the reactants. They are carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP. Cellular respiration takes place when living things convert glucose into cellular energy. The location of cellular respiration is in the cytoplasm and mitochondrion.

The stomata are the most critical piece to this process, as this is where CO2 enters and can be stored, and where water and O2 exit. Cellular respiration also known as oxidative metabolism is important to convert biochemical energy from nutrients in the cells of living organisms to useful energy known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Without cellular respiration living organisms would not be able to sustain life. This process is done by cells exchanging gases within its surroundings to create adenosine triphosphate commonly known as ADT, which is used by the cells as a source of energy. This process is done through numerous reactions; an example is metabolic pathway.

Cell Respiration Lab Research Question What is the optimal temperature for germinating pea-seeds where the rate of respiration is the greatest? Background Information Cell Respiration refers to the biochemical process conducted by the cells of an organism that combines glucose and oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP, along with two by-products, water and carbon dioxide. The equation representing this chemical reaction is shown below. C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O

A. Were the seeds in the “N” tube undergoing both photosynthesis and respiration, only photosynthesis, or only respiration? Use your results in Data Table 2 to support your answer. The seeds in test tube "N" underwent respiration. Respiration is always happening.

Role of Enzymes in Metabolic Pathways Summary Metabolic pathways are a sequences of steps found in biochemical reactions in which the product of one reaction is the substrate for the next reaction [3]. Metabolic pathways most likely happen in specific locations in the cell. The control of any metabolic process depends on control of the enzymes responsible for the reactions occur in the pathways. After food is added to the body, molecules in the digestive system called enzymes break proteins down into fats into fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates into simple sugars (for example, glucose). Enzymes plays an important role in the different metabolic pathways [5].

Many organisms use energy to perform their cellular functions. That energy comes from the energy that is stored in food then converted to adenosine triphosphate or ATP. ATP can be obtained with or without oxygen, aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide (CO2) as a by-product while anaerobic respiration produces Ethanol (C2H6O) or Lactic acid (C3H6O3). In aerobic respiration the “CO2 produced during cellular respiration can combine with water to produce carbonic acid.”

The mitochondria are some of the most important organelles within the cell. Not only do the mitochondria help to build components of hormones and blood in the body and contain necessary enzymes in some cell types, but also they provide energy needed for the cell. The mitochondria are particularly known for the process of cellular respiration, or the process in which oxygen and glucose are used to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (adenosine triphosphate). In 2014, an experiment was conducted to observe the salivary glands in laboratory rats at the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR).

2. Explain the functions of the respiratory system. Cite the definitions and the differences between external and internal respiration. The respiratory system is responsible for bow we intake air into our bodies and out. It also helps provide oxygen to the body. External respirations is when you breathe in through your lungs and carbon dioxide exhaled out. Internal respirations is what you inhales goes from the lungs back to the heart.

Oxidative Phosphorylation is the metabolic pathway in which mitochondria use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to create ATP. If cells become oxygen deficient, the condition known as hypoxia (no oxygen) occurs. This condition can be due to abnormally acidic blood or a lack of critical enzymes necessary for releasing oxygen from red blood cells, so when this oxidative cycle is oxygen deficient, it can’t produce the quantity nor quality of ATP necessary for normal cellular functioning. “Oxygen is alkaline forming in the blood, while carbon dioxide which is produced as a by-product of the oxidation process is acid forming.

Heart, lungs and the Rest of You By: Olivia Abel 1.Explain how the blood flows throughout your lungs, heart and the rest of your body.   Heart: Your left and right side of your heart work together to pump blood to and throughout your body which is separated by muscular tissue called the septum. In the right side blood enters through two large vein which are the inferior and superior vena cava, emptying poor oxygen blood from the body to the right reticulum. When the left side enters from the pulmonary veins and empties oxygen rich blood from the lungs into the aorta going throughout the body.

The Effect of Sugar Concentration on CO2 Production by Cellular Respiration in Yeast Introduction In this lab, our main focus was to find how sugar concentration affect yeast respiration rates. This was to simulate the process of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process that cells use to transfer energy from the organic molecules in food to ATP (Adenosine Tri-Phosphate). Glucose, CO2, and yeast (used as a catalyst in this experiment) are a few of the many vital components that contribute to cellular respiration.

Humans, like most eukaryotic organisms require a sufficient amount of energy to function and fuel the complex processes that take place in the body, and to do this the cells in our bodies need energy. However the human body cannot harness this energy on its own. This is all possible due to a small independent organelle called the mitochondrion (Petraglia, 2010). The Mitochondrion is a “membrane bound organelle located within the cytoplasm of the cell” (Seidel-Rogol, 2010) that synthesizes ATP (adenosine triphosphate) by conducting a chain of metabolic reactions. Mitochondria provide the cells of organisms with the energy, in the form of ATP to carry out specific functions, which are essential for their survival.

The blood cells release oxygen, which passes through the capillary walls into nearby tissue. Tissue then releases carbon dioxide through the capillary walls into the red blood

the runner wasn’t using as much energy and carbon dioxide so it took longer for the solution to turn yellow. After exercising, the runner gained more energy as the cellular respiration process accelerated in their body. The increased amount of exercise led to the runner sweating, panting and breathing heavily to maintain homeostasis. Also, you breath much more briskly (increase in heart rate) in order to increase the oxygen intake and ensure that the cells inside the body are adequately supplied with oxygen. Once you stop exercising and the cells return to normal energy needs, less carbon dioxide is created, allowing your breathing rate to return to normal. When exercise can be sustained, this demand is met primarily by aerobic means. Aerobic