The Phenomenon: The Central Nervous System

INTRODUCTION Anatomy and Physiology of Angiocentic Glioma The most complex part of the body is the brain. It controls muscles movement, behavior, senses and all other functions of the body. The gray matter or cerebral cortex in the brain is the place where all the information is processed. Meanwhile, the cerebral lobe is the main source of intellectual activities.

On the posterior side of the medulla contain gracile and cuneate nuclei related with sensation of touch, pressure, vibrations and consciousness. The gustatory or taste pathways from tongue to the brain are carried by the gustatory nuclei. The cochlear nuclei and the vestibular nuclei carries message to the brain. The vestibular nuclei also receive sensory information for posture and balance. Medulla functioning takes place through vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory and hypoglossal

Brain Aneurysm Four major blood vessel supply blood to the brain. They join together at the circle of willis at the base of the brain. Smaller arteries leave the circle and branch out to supply brain cells with oxygen and nutrients. Artery junction points may become weak causing a ballooning of the blood vessel wall to potentially form a small sac or aneurysm. Cerebral aneurysms are common but most are asymptomatic and are found incidentally at autopsy.

There are actually two types of our nervous system. These are the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system, but we will talk about

The feeling of stabbing pain in upper jaw and teeth and slowly radiating towards nose is due to defective function of the maxillary nerve. The nerve is the second branch of trigeminal nerve. The initiating or trigger point is the loss of sensory or motor function of the second branch of fifth cranial nerve (Richard & Sanders, 2010) The following are the cranial nerves that involve in regulation of functions of eye o Optic nerve: The sensory nerve is a second cranial nerve help in whole process of sight and vision. The nerve involves in the transmission of electrical signals from the various parts of eye to CNS (brain), then the brain send an appropriate response in the form of an image to see (the objects what we see around us).

In an article by Alzheimer’s Association it mentions that many experts who study this type like to call it “Vascular Cognitive Impairment” because it better explains the idea that your vascular thinking skills can change and it can either be small or serve. Also, in this article it mentions that Vascular Dementia is account for 10 percent of cases and that is remains underdiagnosed even though it is considered common. B. Symptoms i. With this type of Dementia, the symptoms can be very different due to how badly the blood vessel are damaged after having the stroke. ii.

Here, in the postcentral gyrus, the somatosensory cortex is located. Divided into primary and secondary, the somatosensory cortex houses neuron designated to specific locations of the body that they are responsible for detecting sensations

EXAMPLE: One example of the neurons of SNS that release the noradrinaline which beside forms the affecting postsynaptic receptors alsoaffect alpha 2 adrenergic receptors inhibiting the further release of noradrenaline this effect is utilized by chlonidine to perform inhibitory effect on

Once the sound waves have rounded the corner of the ear canal, they cause the eardrum to vibrate, stimulating the ossicles of the middle ear (tiny bones called the malleus, incus and stapes – otherwise known as the hammer, anvil and stirrup). These ossicles transmit the sound waves to the cochlea. (Bailey, 2013). The cochlea is a fluid-filled structure in the middle ear.

Each of these lobes has different functions from each other. On the other hand, the neurotransmitters are the information carriers, they carry electrochemical signals to and from the brain throughout the entire body in human beings. Then, we have the nervous system which can actually be divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) where the brain and spinal cord are parts of the CNS. The PNS can still be divided into two specific parts, the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). While the SNS directs the movements of the skeletal muscles, the ANS regulates involuntary processes such as the heart beating, breathing, blood pressure, and blood sugar level.

The hypothalamus communicates to each lobe differently. The hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract system is the specific way the hypothalamus communicates with the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. It is a nervous system connection with direct connecting neurons. The neurons are located in the hypothalamus and then axons extend down to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The neurons produce hormones that slide down the axons and end up in the posterior lobe.

Cranial nerve damage Ten pairs of cranial nerves originate in the brain stem continuing to different areas of the face and body. Two pairs of cranial nerves originate in the cerebrum. Cranial nerves travel through specialized holes (foramina) in the skull originated for this purpose. The Abducens nerve offers the precise control needed for specialized movements such as the blink of an eye to a smile resulting from a scant upturning of a lip made possible by the Facial nerve. Damage to any of these 12 specialized nerves can result from trauma, tumors, malformations and disease.

Brain Contusion In the following essay I will be explaining what a brain contusion is, along with the causes, signs and symptoms, and prognosis. A brain contusion is a bruise of the brain tissue. Just like a bruise that happens on other parts of the body, a brain contusion is caused by a blood vessel leak.

The brainstem is located underneath the limbic system is the brain stem. The midbrain includes the tectum and tegmentum. The brain stem is made up of the midbrain, pons, and medulla. The midbrain is the rostral part of the brain stem. The pons are a part of the metencephalon in the hindbrain.

The Somatic nervous system has two neutrons. Those two neutrons are sensory neurons and motor neurons. The sensory neurons job is to carry information to the central nervous system. The motor neurons job is to carry information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscle fibers throughout the