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Centralization And Decentralization In Schools

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The concepts of centralisation and decentralisation are important approaches to consider as they ultimately affect the effectiveness of schools in educating the children of a nation.

Centralisation refers to the condition whereby the administrative authority for education is vested, not in the local community, but in a central body. This central body has complete power over all resources: money, information, people, technology. It decides the content of curriculum, controls the budget, is responsible for employment, the building of educational facilities, discipline policies, etc.

Decentralisation, on the other hand, refers to the extent to which authority has been passed down to the individual school. Site-based management is an example of decentralisation in which individual schools can make their own decisions related to finances and curriculum. However, the locus of power remains with the central body. Advocates of decentralisation believe it will result in higher student performance; more efficient use of resources; increased skills and satisfaction for school administrators and teachers; and greater community and business involvement in and support for schools.

2.1. Centralisation versus Decentralisation in School Governance

There is currently a global trend of decentralising education systems. Most countries are experimenting with or contemplating some form of education decentralisation. The process transfers decision-making powers from central Ministries of

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