INTRODUCTION
In the past few decades, the process of urbanization has accelerated mainly in cities coping with Informal Hyper growth (UN-Habitat, 2012) most of which are located in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). These cities are characterized by rapid population growth, both through migration and natural increase; an economy heavily dependent on the informal sector; very extensive poverty, with widespread informal housing areas; basic problems of the environment and of public health; and difficult issues of governance (Hall, 2007). Oteng-Ababio (2014) conceives that as the world hurtles towards its urban future with the world’s urban population increasing by two new people every second, and with 95 per cent of such increases taking place in cities
…show more content…
It is estimated that about 1800 tonnes of waste is generated daily, out of which 70% is collected. The rest are left on the streets with its own attendant problems (Owusu-Sekyere et al., 2014). The collected wastes are sent to the many dumpsites without any attempt to seclude. These dumps are not operated in accordance with the principles of public health as opined by Tchobanaglous in 1993 and therefore public health of the waste dump communities is threatened. Though Kumasi has not witnessed cholera outbreaks for a long while, the frequent occurrence of diarrhea, malaria and other diseases related to the environment can be traced to the poor sanitation. For example, reports from the Metropolitan Health Directorate indicate that about 80% of all diarrhea cases come from communities where waste management is a …show more content…
This will however mean that a lot of public education and stakeholder sensitization programs will have to be done if these innovations are to see a better day of light. It also remains to be seen how the viability of a smooth transition from Communal Collection Container system mode used in low-income, high density areas to house-to-house mode of waste collection will be received in the already impoverish and underserved communities where keeping pace with livelihood survival has become a daily struggle.
This paper specifically examines the current waste management practices in the KMA. The deficits of current practices will be explored and finally what can be the best practice for Kumasi in particular and its implications for Ghana in general will be discussed. The significance of this study is the strong case it makes for complete local participation in the planning and implementation of sold waste managemement strategies in Kumasi in particular and Ghana in
Chapter 8 is about Sub-Saharan Africa. It is about how Europeans came to Africa and settled their and mostly ruled. It is about the many parts of Africa as a whole and it 's diversity. How these different parts of Africa get food and water and their other basic needs(Findley & Rothney,2011). It is about how Imperialism and how the African people took being under an Imperialistic rule.
From 1500 to 1750, there were changes and continuities on the ways Sub-Saharan Africa participated in interregional trade. The major turning point of Sub-Saharan Africa’s participation is the start the slave trade in West Africa. This event impacted the New World, Europe and SE Asia because Europe profited from the exploitation of Africans to the New World, Southeast Asia experienced a decline in population because of the start of the slave trade between Southern Africa and Indonesia, and the New World became more profitable as plantations where slaves worked grew. The overall continuity of Sub-Saharan Africa’s participation in trade is the European dominance in the region because of the Age of Exploration led by the Portuguese and Spanish.
MPA609 Public Finance Week Eight Writing Assignment Marquette Funchess Professor Jinkiri Belhaven University Numbers 35:33 (ESV) states, “You shall not pollute the land in which you live, for blood pollutes the land, and no atonement can be made for the land for the blood that is shed in it, except by the blood of the one who shed it.” This scripture can be applied to the practice of recycling waste and unused goods. Recycling is defined as the process of converting waste materials into reusable objects to prevent waste of potentially useful materials, reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, energy usage, air pollution and water pollution by decreasing the need for waste disposal and lowering harmful greenhouse gas emission.
Sanitation conditions have improved but there are still places where they have not improved. Third-world countries lack food, clean water, and shelter. Scarcity has been a problem for a long time. Natural resources are diminishing. Many people are going hungry and dying because they don’t have enough food and can’t afford shelter.
With one foot in Seoul and the other in Kalamazoo, I have been juggling two homes for going on seven years. For the first dozen years of my life, home was where I was born and raised—the comfortable Irwon neighborhood in a cozy apartment with my mom and dad. When I first arrived in Michigan, it took nearly a year before I accepted that an entirely new story had begun. Slowly but surely, my aunt and uncle had become substitute parents and my two little cousins were now adopted siblings.
Throughout time diverse regions have considered other societies to be barbaric, causing them to have the desire of “civilizing” them. Many individuals accept the rule of a higher and civilized region as they believe that their alterations will benefit them. Although, by enabling a higher power to acquire authority in another foreign nation, will diminish that regions culture and individuals will not truly possess respect, ultimately causing them to rebel against that foreign power after they comprehend their true nature. Likewise, after the Berlin Conference, which set certain rules for the partition of Africa, numerous European powers desired in colonizing Africa and obtaining control during the early 1800s, which was known as the Scramble
Id. Because of the vast population of people living in these cities, any mismanagement of the waste could lead to catastrophic results. Further, without a holistic system in place in these cities, the system could be abused, manipulated, and exploited. But by running the only facilities in these cities, the state can effectively manage the system for the benefit of all.
In the early 2000 Al Gore once said, “The planet is in distress and all the attention is on Paris Hilton.” In the same theme, Michael Pollan writes, “Why Bother?”, an article from The New York Times Magazine published in 2008 telling Americans they are too consumed with themselves and maintain a “cheap-energy mind”. And here, in 2016 climate change is seriously happening and the nation is still not addressing the gravity of the issue and why we should indeed bother to make changes. It is time that this nation discerns that climate change is real and it is happening as we speak. Climate change is a threat to each and every one of us and imperative to the survival of life on this planet.
The purpose of my investigation is to find out whether Haringey has the most effective waste management system in the whole of London. The types of waste management methods I will be studying are biodegradable and non biodegradable waste, domestic and industrial waste, toxic, electrical and finally recyclable and non recyclable waste. Compared to other boroughs Haringey has
This number shows that people only account for 3% of the waste produced. This brings attention to how little of an affect each individual could have if they tried to recycle. Even more, is the waste of water as it is only 10% which is split between people and other municipals. This leaves the other 90% to be used by corporate businesses in the world. Now it comes
Urbanization To what extent is urbanization a critical driver of social instability, failure of infrastructure, water crises & the spread of infectious diseases? Urbanization is basically the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in the urban areas or a specific area, and the ways in how the society adapts to it. Urbanization can be a good impact to a country and has the ability to improve its economy and the life of people but it also has the ability to destroy the country and the life of all the people that exist there. GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE:
Urbanization is causing economic transformation in Africa, confirmed when we observe industry and services. Industry grows in more urbanized areas. Employment in industry varies from 6.1% in less urbanized areas to 26.1% in the most urbanized areas. Industrial value added is also linked to urbanization. While it accounts for 18.3% in the less urbanized areas, it accounts for 39.0% in the most urbanized areas.
MSWM services in this country have been deteriorating over the past two decades. The problem in this country has been reported to be dire in such a way that the private sector waste management had to be called in to assist the government. The Nairobi City which is the biggest in that country has one open dumpsite. Maniafu & Otiato (2010) states that the city’s dumpsite was reportedly filled up to nearly 1.3 million cubic meters of waste in 1998. Since that year reports have been that the Nairobi dumpsite could not handle more waste from the city, however an alternative was never provided.
Introduction People tend to consume a lot, when there is consumption, there is waste – and that waste becomes a big problem that needs taken care of, which costs a lot of time, space and resources. If not managed, in turn, the world that we live in will become a hazardous place for all living things. According to the World Bank, people throughout the world, “spend $2.3 trillion a year on food and beverages alone” (Global Consumption Database, 2018), that is quite a lot. In addition to that, the world count mentions that, “we throw out over 50 tons of household waste every second. A number that will double by 2030”
Water pollution is happening everywhere but this investigation is focused on water pollution in Ga-kgapane and how the increase in population has led to an increase in this pollution. One of the main causes for water pollution in this town is: • The disposal of waste products in the streams • The washing of clothes and other things in these streams • Human activities such as swimming and playing in these streams Water pollution has become a growing problem in this town and has led to a lot of other issues that should be