Explanatory Theories In Public Health

In health education and promotion, utilizing an effective strategy in intervention programs is vital to the success of the program. According to Rural Health Information Hub (2017), health education strategies are tailored to suit the target population. Considering the Point Mar Case Study, with the focus of this paper being to develop an effective health education strategy to address childhood obesity, with adult onset of type II diabetes. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2015), essential knowledge, enumerates the characteristics of an effective health education curriculum to include, dissemination of essential knowledge to shape the group

A society in which all people live long, healthy lives is the vision that Healthy People 2020 has set for themselves. Healthy People 2020 was developed under the leadership of the Federal Interagency Workgroup (FIW). Healthy People 2020 is the framework of an exhaustive collaborative process among the U.S. Department of Health and Human services (HHS) and other federal agencies, public stakeholders, and the advisory committee. Healthy People 2020 provides specific and important areas of emphasis where action must take place in the United States to achieve better health by the year 2020.

The public health model is more difficult to define than the other two models due to not everyone understands the concept of public health. The public health model is concerned with individuals’ who have problems but extends the concept of health care beyond just the normal medical treatment due to individuals problems may be linked to social issues as well (Woodside & McClam, 2015). The public health model looks at larger populations and not just individuals by actually collecting data and examining this data to determine the overall problem (Woodside & McClam, 2015). By collecting and examining this data the public health model is used to alleviate health problems that have consequences for society in general, like health insurance for

Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Healthy People (2015), these factors underlie preventable disparities in health status and disease outcomes. Poor health outcomes are often the result of the interaction between individuals and their social and physical environment. Policies that result in changes to the social and physical environment can affect entire populations over extended periods of time, while simultaneously helping people to change individual-level behavior. Improving the conditions in which people are born, live, work, and age will ensure a healthier population, thereby improving national productivity, security, and prosperity through a healthier nation.The importance of social determinants of health is growing initiatives to address these determinants of health. The development of integrated solutions within the context of the health care delivery system needs to focus on patient centered care. In particular, the efforts to prevent and treatment of diabetes. The health care social needs are emerging through Medicare and Medicaid delivery and payment initiatives.

As previously described, the United States is the country that spends the most money in health care in the world. For example, just in the year 2008, it spent 16.2 percent of its gross domestic product on health- care (Gaydos 700). Through the population health model, investment and policy decisions in areas such as education, income transfer, civil rights, macroeconomics, employment, welfare, housing, and neighborhoods would have a significant effect on improving a population’s health than increasing the spending on medical services. (Jonas & Kovner 92). Through this model, there might not only be a decrease in what is spent by the country in health care services, but also an improvement in many other areas that would improve the economy of

Health inequalities are a result of unequal exposure to risk factors associated with socio-economic inequalities, such as social, economic and environmental conditions (Thomson, Bambra, McNamara, Huijts, & Todd, 2016).

This means to say that everyone should have access to good standard health. However this is not the case in public health systems. Their constraints limit the capacity to provide universal health. For instance with HIV, which is the biggest epidemic in South Africa, access to antiretroviral treatment for people who are marginalized, poor and living with HIV becomes difficult. Moreover if these individuals get access to the treatment, because they are poor, they might not have access to a balanced diet which needs to be taken with the pills and this ultimately worsens their health (Sen & Östlin, 2008). The criminalization of behaviour of people can actually limit access to public health services when this should not be the reality. For example with sex work there is a lot of stigma around it, and when women in this industry go to clinic to seek HIV treatment or any kind of contraception, they are usually rejected. When they fall pregnant, they are denied access to clinics that provide abortions and end up going into spaces that carry out unsafe abortions. In many different countries abortions and high maternal and child mortality rates constitute a serious public health problem. Not only is abortion highly stigmatized around sex workers but across the board. There are huge tensions around abortion although some countries like South African have very liberal laws around it. As a result unsafe abortions happen so

My name is Nur Syahirah Bt Muhammad Shah. I feel so glad to be here today. Firstly, I would like to ask you a question, did you know how many people suffered from the illness because not getting healthcare?

There is a common phenomenon in the China that many people treated with inequality and injustice in health care. As as Martin Luther King, Jr.’s saying goes “Of all the forms of inequality, injustice in health care is the most shocking and inhumane”. From my point of view, i firmly agree with this point in that each individual has equal right to enjoy the suitable health care. It is intolerable for the whole society to make the health care injustice as a seriously public health problem. In this essay, some facts about the injustice will be given. Also, the solutions to deal with these problems will be provided so that this public health problem will be resolved in the future.

Health is the foremost need of every human being and there are various factors influencing it. Social determinants of health are the emerging topic in present scenario where they have to be considered to ensure good health to everyone. This essay shall focus on this aspect with a detailed description of SDOH in the first section followed by the reasons that exist behind considering income, housing and environment as the major factors. The last section shall deal with real time examples on such factors and their impacts on health conditions.

Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health; final report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Geneva: World Health

Sir Michael Marmot put into perspective how serious social disparities are and how they influence health not only between countries but also, within countries. The issue is not medical care; in fact the United States spends the most on medical care. You would initially think the country in which spends the most on medical care must have higher health rates. Well, believe it or not, this is actually false, for instance, sixty-two countries had higher maternal health rates than the United States. This displays that a lack of medical care fundamentally is not the conflict, whereas social inequality is. Even when considering the death of adolescent men, most deaths are due to violence, accident, drug or alcohol use. Health is to a great extent affected depending on where you stand on the social hierarchy. He states that we have the knowledge and means yet poses the question of “Do we have the willpower?”. In essence, we all have to cooperate to eliminate or at least reduce the rates of disparity. The most important approach in accomplishing this is by a means of empowerment, and creation and fair living conditions for society. Social inequality affects children at a young age and has a lasting impact; there was a particular statistic that lower income parents correlate with high rates of socio-emotional difficulties in children, due to low interactions with children. Inequality begins to impost society early on and life and progress throughout an individuals

Health is an important element throughout our life. A person’s health can be affected by many social factors such as gender roles and economic positions. As there are differences in health status between different populations groups, health inequality is then formed, for example, differences in morbidity and mortality rates between people from different social classes.

The Health Field Model (HFM) is the conceptual framework that is used by different health care organizations or in individual research projects to evaluate the prevalence, awareness and management of diseases in the community (Pittman, 2010). The HFM, a determinant health model is developed by Bob Evans and Greg Stoddart in 1990. The HFM provides a broad spectrum for understanding health, and the factors that interfere with, and influence the health of individuals in the community. There are features to put into consideration for, in determining the factors that affect many diseases; hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease, or influence of health on a community (Kindig & McGinnis, 2007).

Community health assessment (CHA) is a systematic examination of the health status indicators of a specific population that is used to determine key issues and assets in a community. The main objective of community health assessment is to establish plans to address the community’s health needs and issues. Variation of tools and processes, community engagement and shared participation are utilized to conduct a community health assessment. According to NACCHO (n.d.b), a CHA can be used to answer the following questions for a community: “What are the health problems in a community? Why do health issues exist in a community? What factors create or determine the health problems? What resources are available to address the health problems? What are