Characteristics Of Construction Industry

Many people changed their work from agricultural to non-agricultural tasks moved to industrial regions and lead to mass migrations within a country. Big cities were established as a result of industrial revolution and played important role in production, consumption and politics (C.A. Bayly 2004, 185). One of positive influence of industrial revolution is that transportation such as railway was also developed (Eric 1996, 60). Development of transportation is important not only for the development of industrial revolution to transport materials, goods, workers, but also for the connection among different regions, which is a part of

Main players of the Automobile industry are Toyota, General motors, Volkswagen, Honda, Ford and more. The Automobile Industry is very complex and to start a business in automobile industry high level of capital investment is required. Not only huge amount of money but also a labor force will be essential, which are the main barriers to enter into the automobile industry. For Example, the US auto industry was once considered safe until Honda Motors gave a big challenge to these companies by opening a manufacturing plant in Ohio. The Automobile industry includes many other industries as well for example, tires and seat manufacture.

CONTINUANCE COMMITMENT First is the Continuance Commitment from the part of the industry as he or she cannot do otherwise as his or her decision may prove to be very costly to himself. Apart from that many individuals carry a high degree of Continuance Commitment because they are unwilling to loose things such as retirement benefits and close friendship. But the current scenario indicates that continuance commitment is not as high as it is used to be. The perception of people regarding jobs has taken a drastic shift. In contrast to their traditional approaches of sticking to one job for their whole working lives, starting at the bottom and their way up to top which in other words means life-time employment has declined to a greater extent,

This is not the ethical thing to do but it continues to happen today. The elected officials are supposed to look out for the greater good up the people but in the end they only look out for their self-interest. Many of these officials get paid a lot more by doing certain favors for businesses than the salary they earn from the government. This is highly evident in Socialist states where only a select few have power in the economy. Many of these high ranking officials come into power by doing favors such as passing bills or legislation.

In-situ components and joints are imperative fundamentally yet should not attain to the same nature of completion thus can be escaped perspective. Where completions to in-situ components are needed, the amounts can be minimized. C.H.Goodchild (2004). Therefore to conclude, in-situ reinforced concrete is usually seen as the most monetary surrounding alternative, while precast cement advances speed and high quality. Therefore by joining the two by receiving crossover procedures gives considerably more noteworthy speed, quality and general

High quality and low quality companies have unexpected cost curves and they do not have the same minimum efficient scale. This causes to the alteration of outcomes which the low quality firms can be working at Minimum Efficient Scale which is appropriate to their quality level. In contrast, high quality companies still assumed to achieve Minimum Efficient Scale even though they are much bigger than low quality companies and operate in the same entire

Industrial operations require large amount of capital which was raised by a scattered group of shareholders, the owners, who expected regular reports as to what was happening with their money. Hence, the accountability issue

4- Incentive contracts Incentive contracts feature compensation which depends on the contracting/engineering performance in accord with an agreed target, schedule, quality, and/or budget. 5- Percentage of construction contract This type is very common for engineering contracts, where the compensation that is involved in such a contract is based on a percentage of the total cost of construction. 2.5.1 The Human Factor: Productivity

Often it is socio-political pressures driven by protectionism, racism and colonialist ideologies that lead to tighter controls and stricter enforcement. Clearly, migration is affected by international as well as national politics; international factors interact with domestic structures and policies, influencing labor migration flows, and who gets to be invited or barred. In spite of this however, the question remains as to why no regime has developed a system to regulate migration that is comparable to the liberal regulations for trade, money, and finance. According to Hollifield, “[t]he answer maybe obvious: liberal states have had few incentives to cooperate in controlling migration, because states and employers were able to obtain foreign labor without international cooperation” (1992, p. 2). Moreover, the political-economic characteristics of labor, as a factor of

For example, Kinard, (1988), distinguishes between three types of conflict. First, conflict may occur within an individual, which is considered as an intrapersonal conflict. The situations that give rise to such conflict are many. They range from conflicting needs, frustrating situations, failing to achieve aspired goals. Second, conflict may occur between individuals who are brought together in work places or elsewhere.