Language is a main aspect of human being. This is distinguishing human from other creatures. It plays a vital role in daily communication. Especially, in a real situations. Without language we cannot express our thoughts and feelings. Whether in a spoken way “asking about something, greeting friends or telling a stories” or in written way “reading a menu, traffic`s guide or even reading a newspaper”. But when we have learned the language? Infants are not born talking. That is meaning that language is not an inborn gen that children must born with. So how they acquire their first language? How do babies express their feelings like hungry, thirsty or even like and dislike? How do babies can differentiate between their mama`s voice and other`s …show more content…
First Language Acquisition versus Second Language Learning: Applied linguistics is the attempt to put the insights resulting from lingusic reseach to practical uses. These include first and second language teaching (Such as: lexicography, translation….etc). Our focus of linguistic application is the field of language teaching which focuses in turn on the learner and the language learning process. How is this language which is the object of study of the linguist being learnt? We have to investigate what happens in the mind of human beings through mental processes to learn a language. In this respect, two phenomena have been distinguished Krashen (1987) when he talked about: first language acquisition and second language learning First language acquisition: The term acquistion is ued to reffer to subconscious learning which is not influenced by explicit instruction about the L2 system or about errors against the L2 rule system. It takes place in a natural environment. Language data is not arranged as in a language teaching situation. The infant is exposd to an The Online Journal of New Horizons in Education – July 2015 Volume 5, Issue 3 www.tojned.net Copyright © The Online Journal of New Horizons in Education 59 unlimited data. The child is acquiring many things at the same time. Hence, first language acquisition is a mental psychological process which is natural, spontaneous and unconcious. Second language learning: The term learning on the other hand is a conscious process which results from an explicit instruction about errors against the L2 rule system. A second language is learnt later on in life. The individual already functions with a language system. S/he already possesses a verbal behaviour. Learning in this case is conscious. The data is arranged by syllabus designers. The learner is not exposed to unlimited data like the infant. It takes place under formal instruction. Th learner is not necessarily young. In other words, for first langauge acquisiton
In time their language and vocabularies will form rapidly. Children often get their gramma in speech mixed up at times, for example when using a verb word such as kicked they are likely to say “kickeded the ball―. When it comes to social, emotional, moral and behavioural challenges babies start to be aware of their identities in regards to what and who they like and dislike. They build an intense and emotional bond with their parents or main carer, which then lengthens out of the family circle, this could include nursery staff or childminders. When a child engages with others outside of the family circle, it promotes the building of trust, which enables the child asking for help from a certain person and forms other social bonds with others, who deliver care to the child.
In the article, “Literacy, Discourse, and Linguistics: Introduction”, Paul Gee informs the reader about his way of talking about literacy and linguistics and what the terms mean to him. How the term language is a misleading term. As he mentioned, "Language" is a misleading term; it too often suggest "grammar. " It is a truism that a person can know perfectly the grammar of a language and not know how to use it. It is not just what you say, but how you say it.
Some of my babies communicate by creating sounds and
1/10 Understanding how children and young people develop 1.1 Explain the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth - 19 years. The rate at which all children develop varies from child to child, however the sequence of development is very similar. The ways in which children and young people develop are measured are social, physical, intellectual, communication and emotional development (SPICE).
Cognitive, neurological and brain development (Acquiring knowledge and the nervous system). Between birth to 6 months babies and children use their senses to become aware e.g. knowing they are hungry, as well as recognising key people in their lives and responding to physical smiles. In the next 6 months, they are beginning to understand tone of voice and begin to have favourite toys. Between 1 to 2 years children start to use objects correctly e.g. a cup.
Language skills Language skill is one of the milestone achievements of the first two years of life. Children are born with innate schema of communication, such as body language or facial expression to communicate with parents or caregiver. The acquisition of language starts from phonology, which is an important skill for a child to master where he or she is to absorb the sound and identify the sounds form one language to another. This was nurtured both at home and in school where Alexander has to absorb sounds from native (Cantonese) and foreign languages (English).
Language is communication and vice versa. It can also helps with everyday tasks such as, explaining issues and procedures exchanging ideas or learning ideas. Being knowledgeable about language is a key for successful communication in relationships and in the workplace. I would say that without language, we would not be able to communicate.
Language development is a critical part of a child’s overall development. Language encourages and supports a child’s ability to communicate. Through language, a child is able to understand and define his or her’s feelings and emotions. It also introduces the steps to thinking critically as well as problem-solving, building and maintaining relationships. Learning a language from a social perspective is important because it gives the child the opportunity to interact with others and the environment.
The students will develop pride in themselves and their heritage. Thus, the psychological and cognitive aspects involved in learning of two or more languages in an educational setting, the challenges of linguistic planning and the translation of information across languages is what we shall discuss elaborately in subsequent sections. I shall attempt to provide on the one hand an overview of L1 learning, and on the other hand some ways in which this relates to L2 learning in a
This innate system equips all children with a knowledge of this universal grammar. This predisposed knowledge allows them to acquire vocabulary and construct utterances of the language that they are hearing into sentences, so they hold the ability to understand the meaning of the language that they are hearing. From a nativist perspective, language acquisition is a natural human development and is automatic to all humans if they are provided and surrounded with sufficient linguistic information for them to
Babies have REM sleep and not deeper non-REM sleep, meaning they wake up easily, besides they have not adapted to the night day system and so tend to sleep more during the day and active at night. As a mother, you have to make sure that the baby has a quiet sleep for good health by creating a good, clean and quiet environment. Behavior Babies cannot talk but still in case of any discomfort or need for attention, they will communicate. They show different behavior to express how they feel. For the first one month, the most common is crying, it could be out of irritation because of the wet diaper or hunger.
This statement indicates that, an infant discover the language through sounds he heard. This sounds, as the infant grows, will develop into chunk of sounds and later on will expand into understandable words. Their development of language will
Language is an important part of our life. Language and communication cannot separate. People use the language as a means of communication to express their ideas and feelings. They communicate either with each other using language in every social interaction; communicate with others directly or indirectly in the spoken and written form. Therefore, language is an important thing of communication in social life.
Research Questions From the literature review, it was established that there were several factors affecting language learning and acquisition. More specifically, it was revealed that factors such as exposure at an early age, motivation, attitudes, incentives and educational system can influence language acquisition. However, most of the research were conducted in the west and were focused on students as subjects to the study and foreigners working in the country where they need to learn the language to lengthen their range of employment opportunity.
So what is language for? Language exists for communication, to control people regarding to maintain their relationships, phatic communication, thoughts, expressing emotions etc. Language is for thought and this thought is related to language directly because people can not think without language and it is really significant.