1 MONETARY POLICY OF CHINA
INTRODUCTION
Monetary policy of a country is a process by which the Federal bank of the country controls the money supply in the country. It does so to bring stability in the economy. All the policies which the federal bank of the country make, are to ensure that the country grows at a constant level and the value of money increases with period of time. Also the responsibility of federal banks is to keep inflation rate in check which directly affects the unemployment of the country.
China is one of the biggest economies of the world and has a direct influence on all the economies in the world. China’s monetary policies are made by its federal bank, i.e. People Bank of China. It regulates all the policies related to money flow within the country.
Analysis:
People bank of China played a major role in the GDP growth rate of china. It is because of the policies of Federal bank of china that china was regarded as the dragon economy of the world which was witnessing the growth rate in double digits for a whole decade. There is a lot of controversy over these monetary policies. People bank of china tried to intervene and limited the appreciation of its currency, i.e. Renminbi (RMB) against the dollar and other currencies. Some analysts argue that China
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Due to this pressure, finally People bank of China changed its monetary policy in 8 years when they announced that RMB’s exchange rate would now become “flexible”, based upon the market trend with respect to exchange rate movement of currencies in a basket. This new policy was evident as the RMB’s value as compared to Dollar can be seen to have risen from 8.11 Yuan to a dollar in july 2005 to 6.83 yuan in 2008, an increase of about 18.7% in 3 years
This gives government the ability to keep a steady balance in the economy. Another way the federal government can regulate money is by the monetary policy, which gives the government the ability to manipulate the money supply. As long as this power isn 't abused it can help restore order in the economy. Use what you’ve learned about the structure of Russia’s government and the power of its branches to describe how public
Early Western explorers' first impression of China in the 13th and 14th centuries laid the foundations for the representation of China as "the Other". In the mid 14th century, China was undeniably the most advanced nation in the world. It had reached a peak of advancement in various fields, including the arts, society, entertainment, political institutionalisation and technology.
The Tiananmen Square rebellion had an immediate effect on China’s foreign relations. “Together with its allies, the United States quickly imposed a series of diplomatic and economic sanctions against China” (The National Bureau of Asian Research). With declined tourism and withdrawing foreign investments, China’s GDP growth rate dropped from 11 to 3%. As a result, China wanted to over come the to international isolation, and to rebuild relationship with foreign countries and regain access to international markets and investments. Over time, China has gradually regained the relationship through communication, compromisation, and restored affairs.
China’s tribute system was influenced by their beliefs, world view and geography. The tribute system existed and operated to regulate China’s trade and diplomacy with its neighbors. Sinocentrism or the acknowledgment of Chinese superiority played a major role in the Tribute system. For instance, the Chinese emperor was the “son of heaven,” and those who were in his inner circle of humanity, who offered tribute to the emperor, had more trading rights in China than the barbarians who did not offer tribute at all. These barbarians were uncivilized and culturally inferior in the view of China, who regarded themselves as the one and only true civilization, not as a part of many other nations.
The 1900s were an extremely important time in Chinese History. China, being in decline during
The problems emerged as the population grew massive in china during the 18th and 19th centuries. The growing had a pressure on land which cause deforestation, there were not enough food for everyone so smaller farms were given to peasant population. There were a lot of increased corruption including poorly maintained public work and loss of impoverishment, misery, and starvation. Since there were too many people, the government did not expand they were able to performed effectively on flood control, famine, rebellion, etc. In mid-19th century a majority population of China are addicted to opium drug which cause a major threat to their economy and social order.
As mentioned above, the GMD focused their efforts on gaining the support of wealthy businessmen in big cities. An example of this is that over 90% of revenue raised by the GMD came from areas near Shanghai, the largest international port and financial capital of China . As such, the GMD already did not have support of the peasants, and the party lost even more support with their inability to manage their own economy, spending most their revenue on military expenditures. Faced with economic problems, the GMD printed more money, resulting in the loss of value and leading to hyperinflation (1000% inflation in Shanghai in 1947.) As the GMD economy collapsed, the population of China turned their allegiance towards the only other viable solution to their problems: the CCP.
The Federal Reserve is one of the most powerful entities we have in the United States. The decisions that are made by the Federal Reserve will have an impact on every person that is living in the country of the United States and will have an impact on the global market. Two ways that the Federal Reserve may impact a person’s life and the global market are by inflation and monetary policies. Inflation is the sustained increase in the general level of prices for goods and services in a county, and is measured as an annual percentage change. (Investopedia)
The China economy was affected because of the globalization of silver that cause more people to be alter in ways. Most reasonable result of the silver being global, is the ‘greed’ that was direct towards money alone. People of the era all had thoughts of the changes. In Document 1, by a county official named Ye Chunji, wrote on the greed of the Chinese people. He stated how “The frugal man with only one bar of silver currency can have something left over, whereas the extravagant man with a thousand can still not have enough.”, telling how the men with enough money or silver coins to support their life, is still not satisfied with that amount, yet the men with just one bar of silver can be happy with just that because they can live off that alone for some time.
Led by Mao Zedong, the leader of the communist party, many Chinese communists joined a “6,000 mile journey through rugged terrain of northwestern China.” (756) It was at this stage of the Chinese revolution where the subsequent development of China into a global economic power took off. China’s development into a global economic power emerged when Japan invaded China in 1937. Because Nationalist groups were busy fighting off Japan, Chinese communists
These banknotes functioned similarly to today’s monetary policy, and it was an efficient tool to control the money supply in the market. The Bank would collect the notes of the state banks for gold when it wanted to slow the economic growth, and thereby the reserves on the state bank reduced in such way. When it wanted to speed up the growth, the Bank would hold on these state banks’ notes, and thereby increase the reserves of the state bank, allowing more loans to be made. With the help of these banknotes and substantial gold, the bank could alter the supply of money in the economy and managed the interest rates charged to borrowers indirectly, which is what today’s central bank does. For example, if the economy seemed a little overextension or showed the symbol of inflation, the bank could make it harder for people to borrow money so that people would decide to put their money on the bank rather than using it.
Who’s the Boss? In Zhu Wen’s 2008 I Love Dollars And Other Stories Of China, Ah, Xiao Xie, the story depicts lives and thoughts of young workers in a money hungry power plant that produces no power. Because so, the young, overqualified, employees of the power plant dream of leaving the company while they are young and equipped with the skills they gained at a four year institution. The transition from China’s post-Maoist economy era into the modernization of a new money driven China finds the youngsters at a standstill with no signs of change any time soon. As country leaders urge the Chinese to embrace foreign influences; such as a freer enterprise, to see financial growth and success, the workers now seek fair treatment as well as to improve their lifestyle to one much more worthy.
Ming China, 1368 - 1644 The Mongols had control of China for 100 years, but the dethroning of the Mongols marked the last pure Chinese dynasty. The Ming Dynasty, founded by Zhu Yuanzhang, started with the fall of the Mongols and lasted 300 years. Zhu was a cruel man of great talents, but his son, also successor, Yongle was and even greater general.
The traditional Chinese cultures have a development process for thousand years, now we are creating another kind of traditional culture especially under the wave of globalization. Although the form of expressing or performing the culture experienced some changes but the basic idea and belief behind rarely changed. To promote Chinese culture we would refer to the essence of Chinese wisdom so the following is actual practicing of different dimensions of Chinese traditions which show the beauty of China. The family concept is the essence of Chinese culture.
ROLE OF MONEY IN MACROECONOMICS 1. Introduction Money can be seen as the medium of exchange which is acceptable while transaction is being undertaken between two parties. Some of the common forms of money are: - Commodity money: This is when the value of the good represents its value in terms of money like gold or silver. - Fiat money: This is when the value of the good is less than the value it represents - Bank money: It is the accounting credits that can be used by the depositor Money serves a variety of crucial functions in the economy and this is why it has gained an unparalleled influence in the matters of economy at micro as well as macro levels. Some of the features of money that make it so important for any economy are as follows: