Endemic Cholera Case Study
Identifying environmental risk factors for endemic cholera: a raster GIS approach NAME:P.J.D.V SAINADH ID:-ST117032
Abstract:-
In this study we identify the environment risk factors that cause cholera in Bangladesh using GIS. Two study periods were chosen because they had different dominant biotypes of the disease. From 1992 to 1996 El Tor cholera was dominant and from 1983 to 1987 classical Cholera was dominant. This study founds the three risk factors for cholera related to surface water, high population density and poor education level. The GIS database helps us to measure the risk factors of cholera.
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The surveillance system classifies migrations into three categories they are :-
1. In-migration
2. Out-migration
3. External migration.
But, In this study, only in-migration was considered a potential risk factor for cholera. The migrations were aggregated by summing the total number of events during each of the time periods.
Satellite data and distance from water bodies:-
Distance from the water bodies was computed using two sources of data, the
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The GIS database includes rivers and major canals and a distance surface was calculated from these water bodies. The other data source was Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery . The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was calculated from the satellite image to differentiate between land and water. The negative values in the image are classified as water. All pixels that were identified as rivers or canals in the GIS database were excluded from this classified water map. While water quality is not measured in this study they are considered to be the potential reservoir for
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