Cholesterol Absorption Research Paper

Cholesterol absorption occurs primarily in the duodenum and proximal jejunum. The diet of small bowel in humans is from about one quarter of cholesterol will entering the lumen. Bile and sloughed cells of the intestinal epithelium come directly from most of cholesterol in lumen. In small intestine, some of them are dietary cholesterol, and among of them put there by liver via bile. Total cholesterol that passes through small intestine is only half is typically absorbed, and the rest is eliminated (faeces). In addition, the material is targeted for excretion through digestive tract is cholesterol in bile. There are two main phases of absorption of cholesterol. The first phase is in lumen that involves digestion and hydrolysis of dietary lipids

Major role in dictating the efficiency of cholesterol absorption is lumen. When bile acid pool size and composition is changes, the amount and species of phospholipids in lumen can affect amount of chylomicron cholesterol that ultimately enters lymph. In mucosal cell membrane, cholesterol absorption might be regulated by a transporter, proteins like adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (promote sterol efflux from cells) also play a critical role in dictating amount of cholesterol that reaches lymph from intestinal lumen. Irrespective of what mechanisms are ultimately found to control cholesterol absorption, it is clear that any new strategy designed to maximize LDL-C lowering ideally should include an agent that blocks the re-entry of biliary cholesterol, as well as uptake of dietary cholesterol into body pools.

6.0 Health concerns related to cholesterol intake. Health risks caused by low and excessive intakes and give 1 example each for health complication related to

For example, use low-fat toppings and sauces, and avoid foods high in saturated or trans fat but eat vegetables, fruits, and whole grains are rich in fiber. It can replace saturated fats with healthy monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats such as olive, rapeseed or sunflower oils and spreads. Moreover, exercise, avoid smoking, maintain a healthy weight and lipid-lowering therapy. Regular physical activity can increase HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol). Stay active and quitting smoking can keep heart healthy and lower cholesterol.

6.1 Describe about chosen example

Coronary heart disease This disease occurs when cholesterol is too high, the cholesterol builds up on artery walls (atherosclerosis). This condition causes arteries to narrowed blood vessels and reduce blood flow to heart. This can cause angina (chest pain), who do not get adequate blood flow to heart, or a heart attack in cases when a blood vessel is completely blocked and heart muscle begins to die.

Stroke

Strokes occur when bringing oxygen and nutrients to brain is blocked or bursts in blood vessel. Stroke reduced blood supply in brain. Symptoms include sudden weakness and numbness. It may have trouble speaking, seeing, or moving limbs are depend on the area of brain involved. It can cause brain damage, disability, or