Circuit Courts Dbq

NAME OF THE CASE: Marbury v Madison 1803 VOTE: The vote count was 4-0 BASIC FACTS OF THE CASE: In March of 1801, William Marbury (along with many others being appointed to government posts) was appointed to be a Justice of the Peace near the end of Adams administration of the presidency. Being a member of the Federalist Party, John Adams tried to appoint as many Federalists into the cabinet.

Case: Marbury v. Madison Citation: 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803) Vote: 4 to 0 Facts: In 1800, Thomas Jefferson defeated John Adams. Before Adams last day in office, he appointed several justices of the peace. These justices were approved by the senate and president. The commissions were not delivered because when Thomas Jefferson took office in 1801 he ordered his secretary of state, James Madision, not to make any deliveries.

In Marbury v. Madison (1803) it was announced by the Supreme Court for the very first time, that if an act was deemed inconsistent with the constitution then the court was allowed to declare the act void. Thomas Jefferson’s secretary of state, James Madison, denied William Marbury of his commission. President John Adams appointed William Marbury the justice of peace for the District of Columbia during his last day in office. Madison denied Marbury of this commission because he believed that because it was not issued before the termination of Adams presidency, that it was invalid. Marbury himself started a petition, along with three others who were in a similar situation.

Marbury v Madison Many historical and legal scholar describe the case of Marbury V Madison as epochal and I agree with that because it created the question who had the last say to determine the meaning of the constitution, created Judicial review, and that Jefferson tried to impeach Samuel Chase one of the Supreme Court justice because Marshall gave the Supreme Court tremendous power. First of all, the case of Marbury v Madison was epochal because it sparked the question who had the final say in finalizing the meaning of the Constitution because on (page 211) of The American Pageant it states,”In this self denying opinion, Marshall greatly magnified the authority of the Court and slapped at the Jeffersonians. Until the case of Marbury v.

One point being that at the time that he took office the Supreme Court was mainly Federalist-dominated, and was a struggling institution. This caused them to be aimed for attacks by the Jeffersonian Republican, who were strongly against the Federalist. The Jeffersonian republicans had gained control of the white house and congress, because of this they wanted to come to power of the judicial branch. They went as far as trying to impeach Federalist judges. Another point is that it was very challenging to find people to serve on Court.

Facts of the Case: (Approximately 200 words) The case to place on March 2, 1801, when William Marbury was designated as a justice of the peace in the District of Columbia. Marbury and several others were appointed to government post created by Congrees during the end of John Adam’s term as President. President John Adams named forty-two justices of the peace and sixteen new circuit court justices for the District of Columbia under the Organic Act. The Organic Act was an attempt by the Federalists to take control of the federal judiciary before Thomas Jefferson took office.

This was the power of federal courts to cancel out the acts of Congress that was in conflict with the Constitution. The decision was written out by Chief Justice John Marshall. This decision played a main role in creating the Supreme Court as a separate branch of government with the executive and Congress. Marbury was not the only one who was supposed to receive a commission. Before, President John Adams had named 42 justices of the peace.

One of the things Marshal did in the decision was scold Jefferson and his cabinet. He did this by writing that Marbury was treated poorly because his commission was illegally retained and he should have been given it when asked for. Marbury won Jefferson and his cabinet, but there was much more to this decision. Chief Justice Marshall also decided that the Supreme Court did not have power in this Case. Marshall said that the law which expanded the Judiciary was unconstitutional.

The Marbury v. Madison case is an important Supreme Court landmark case in the United States history. In the 1800’s election the Federalists were in power and has the majority in Congress and John Adams won the presidential election. This changed due to the result of the next election, the anti-federalist party won, Thomas Jefferson became president and the Federalist party incumbents were about to lose their seats in Congress. To ensure that the Federalist Party had control over at least one branch of the government John Adams passed Judiciary Act of 1801. This act made the judicial branch of government have equal power to the Legislative and Executive branch.

Patrick Shannon In the election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson and the Democratic-Republican party beat John Adams and the Federalists. John Adams appointed a lot of justices of peace and circuit court justices for the District of Columbia on the last day that he would be president. This was an attempt by the Federalists to take command of the federal judiciary before the Democratic-Republican party’s leader, Thomas Jefferson, could take office. Thomas Jefferson ordered James Madison to not deliver the requests of Adams.

Marbury v. Madison was a court case in 1803. The court case began after the third election when Thomas Jefferson

For the Judiciary Act, written by Congress in 1789, to allow the Court’s power be extended to cases like the Marbury v. Madison case would mean that the Supreme Court overstepped their boundaries. It was then that Chief of Justice Marshall suggested judicial review, which is when an act of Congress is examined and revised as needed to correlate with the Constitution. Though Marshall admitted that Marbury deserved a writ of mandamus, the Court was unable to give him one in this situation because

Federal Judges and Supreme Court Justices The process for electing a federal judge is both a simple, yet complicated one. A number of things take place between the need for a nominee and the appointment to a position. The basis for the nomination and appointment of federal judges and Supreme Court Justices is the Appointments Clause (Article II, Section 2, Clause 2) of the United States Constitution: “The President...shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law....” First a vacancy must be present at which time the President can make a nomination.

The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court at the time was Chief Justice John Marshall, and he declared that this whole process of delivering commissions for judges, the Judiciary Act, was unconstitutional. The Supreme Court declared this act illegal, because it gave the Supreme Court a power that they were forbidden to have. This is when the first law was declared unconstitutional and judicial review came into

The first article of the Constitution says "ALL legislative powers...shall be vested in a Congress." The second article then reads "the executive power...in a President." The third article gives the "judicial power of the United States in one Supreme Court" and "in such inferior Courts as the Congress...may establish."