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Pharmacology: Clinical Pharmacology

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Introduction Clinical Pharmacology is a science that studies the characteristics, reactions, properties, uses and effects of drugs. Especially the therapeutic effect on humans including the toxicology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and the safety of drugs. Clinical pharmacology that connect the gap between the medical practice and the laboratory science. The main objective of this study is to minimize the side effects, maximize the drug effects and the safety of prescription. Clinical pharmacologist around the world usually have a scientific training and rigorous medical knowledge which giving them more advantages to evaluate an evidence and produce new data based on their studies. They must have access to many outpatients for education, …show more content…

The severity of symptoms and speed of recovery vary considerably , depending on the particular virus and one’s person response to the infections. The symptoms of a person suffered from acute hepatic disease begin suddenly. These symptoms include a poor appetite , nausea , vomiting and often fever. After few days , the urine may becomes dark and sclera of the eyes become yellowish ( jaundice ) may develope. During investigation of blood test of a person that suffered from acute hepatic disease, bilirubin ( the main pigment in a bile, the greenish yellow digestive fluid ) builds up in the blood. The symptoms of cholestasis ( a reduction or stoppage of bile flow ) such as pale stools and overall causing itchiness may …show more content…

The most severe side-effect leading to final termination were hepatotoxicity ( 11% ) , exanthema ( 6% ) a disease in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation , and cause arthralgia ( 2% ) , that is pain in a joint or joints. For drugs that were used in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis believed that Pyrazinamide ( 15 % ) showed more severe side-effects compared to isoniazid ( 7% ) and rifampicin ( 1.5% ). The side-effects of standard tuberculosis therapy are frequently hospitalized for patients aged 60 and above due to history of previous hepatitis, and probably due to pyrazinamide rather than to isoniazid or rifampicin.

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