Coal: coal is the only one still in a solid state. Coal is composed of five different elements include carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and sulfur, with the distributions of those five elements varying depending on the piece of coal. In fact, because of these differing elemental make-ups, there are actually three different types of coal, each with different energy properties. The highest in energy content is anthracite coal, which is harder and has a higher distribution of carbon than the other varieties. The other two types of coal include lignite and bituminous – aren’t quite as energy-rich, but still have their uses. Lignite is high in oxygen and hydrogen instead of carbon, while bituminous occupies a sort of happy medium between the
Kalgoorlie Gold Mine The Kalgoorlie Mine, also known as the Super Pit due to its impressive depth of 600m ( Figure 1.), is a mine situated in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia ( Figure 2.) that primarily extracts gold. Often considered to be the largest open-cut mine in the nation (goldsfieldtourism.com, article 62), Kalgoorlie extracts a tremendous 22 000 grams of gold each year. The gold rush that happened in Australia (during 1851-1914) was a result of the discovery of many mining sites like the Kalgoorlie gold mine.
A Summary of Daniel Schades "A Militia of the Occupation of the Vancouver Island Coalfields, August 1913" In the article "A Militia of the Occupation of the Vancouver Island Coalfields, August 1913" by Daniel Schade there is distinct disagreement between the owners of the coal mines and the workers. The workers of the coal mines are very displeased with the appalling work conditions that are forced upon them, and thus start a huge uproar by striking. To contravene the strikers, the owners of the mines simply hire new workers. This causes huge animosity in the strikers who begin destroying the mines, burning down houses, and causing various amounts of damage around and in the Vancouver Island coal fields.
For this week, I was assigned to read the chapter, Cravat Coal in Confessions of a Union Buster, were written by Marty Jay Levitt and Terry Conrow and the article was published in 1993. In the article, Levitt and Conrow talked about a lot of things but mostly Wagner Act and what the employers can do or not to the workers. The question for this assignment—“Based on details in the article, “Cravat Coal”, how does the Wagner Act favor the employer?” The authors talked about delaying time showed the workers that union is not a quick fix.
Ninoska Suarez History 601 Professor Nierick 10/20/14 Killing For Coal By Thomas G. Andrews Summary: Killing for Coal discusses the conditions in the Colorado coal mines leading up to the Ludlow Massacre and the Ten Day War of 1914. Andrew draws out the major players in the Colorado coal culture including land, labor, capitalized industrialization and labor resistance that give us an overall depiction of the world of coal mining in Colorado. Andrews, begins with an introduction of the graphic images of coal miners being asphyxia and slaughter by militia men and strike breakers hired by Rockefeller-owed Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, these events was later called Ludlow Massacre. These polarizing events produced coal miners to fight back which
The Marcellus Shale is located in Pennsylvannia and is 9,000 feet below the suface around some part of the Appalachian basin. It is 500 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. The whole importance of the Marcellus Shale is the it yeilds gasoline for our country. It was yeilding 14.4 billion cubic feet of natural gas per day in 2015. Some of the issues surrounding the shale are: drilling and pipelining can be harmful for the water in the area, wildlife in the area will leave, and legal issues such as land leasing for gas development and possible property damage.
It was April of 1914 when the National Guard went into the tent colony of Ludlow. The people of the Colorado Coal Strike were protesting for better working conditions and better pay after one person was killed on the job. THis strike leads to the Ludlow Massacre. The Ludlow Massacre was horrifying. The Ludlow Massacre killed many people by burning, shooting, or suffocation them.
Coalmining was a prominent industry throughout eastern Pennsylvania, northern Maryland, and Wyoming. In 1885, legislation was passed in order to restrict the working age of miners. Breaker boys, who worked aboveground to sort slate, rocks, and other debris from the coal, were required to be at least twelve years of age. Underground miners were required to be at least fourteen years of age. Boys ' parents often presented a fake birth certificate with an altered date of birth in order to have their children, who were often as young as five or six years of age, work in the mines.
In early May, 1931, coal miners of Harlan County went on strike. Harlan County War, also referred to as “Bloody Harlan,” consisted of a vast amount of coal miners and union organizers fighting against coal firms and the law enforcement. Unforeseen struggles were created because of this strike. Leading thousands of families jobless and eventually some became homeless. These miners wanted to gain a decent wage, steady job, and a plan of safety checks in the mines, but their direct worries were food and shelter for their families.
Due to more and more cities switching from fossil fuels to cleaner, more sustainable sources of energy, coal became less and less a part of each Americans daily life. For example, in 1966, one of John Lindsays major campaign ideas that got him elected mayor of New York City planned to eliminate the use of coal in the city. He did this by “, requiring reduction of the maximum sulfur content of coal and oil from its original level of 2.8% to 1% in three stages in five years.” These sanctions made it impossible for coal to be used as a fuel source, leading New York to leave coal in the past and look for other methods of energy. However, just because coal vanished from parts of America, does not mean it disappeared entirely.
There was a video that was released to the public that showed vast amounts of dead fish just floating on top the Clinch River and portrayed the high toxicity level of the river after it had received the runoff from the TVA spill. In response to the release of the video, the Tennessee Valley Authority took steps to stabilize the runoff. A spokesperson for the Tennessee Valley Authority stated that even though the river did have some trace of heavy metals that the coal fly ash slurry was not toxic and in terms of toxicity one cannot call it toxic until the final analysis comes in (XXX). An attorney with the Southern Environmental Law Center called the statement irresponsible and stated that coal fly ash slurry contains concentrated amounts of mercury, arsenic, and benzene. Local residents and environmental groups expressed concern that the fly ash slurry could become more dangerous once it dries out.
Coal mining in Cape Breton is an important piece of history, it gave many men, young and old, secure jobs. Jobs that also meant endangering their lives every day as they went into the mines, possibilities of dust explosions threatened them daily along with unknown threats to their health, breathing in the dust from the mines would build up and cause serious long term lung diseases. Taking jobs in the mines meant being put in a company town, leaving them little to none free choice of their own, also taking the job meant being paid very little which resulted in hunger and poverty among the miners, and when striking against the company for more money and more power over their own lives it resulted in extreme police brutality towards the miners.
Part Three: Burning Bright B) Critical Analysis: 1) Beatty thinks that fire is lovely and perpetual and its real beauty is that it destroys responsibility and consequences. If a problem gets too burdensome, fire can remove it. This reveals Beatty’s desire to die because he knows a lot about literature, but he is responsible for the burning of books. Thus, he is full of contradictions and they have been a problem. This problem is too burdensome, but he cannot solve it so he seeks the help of fire to remove his problem.
Coal is a brownish, blackish rock that is high in organic carbon, mostly made from plant
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When the magma cools at different the coal cools. Metamorphic Rocks