There is inadequate evidence to determine the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Li-CBT guided self-help interventions for the prevention of relapse or recurrence of depression (Rodgers et al, 2012). In a systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of low intensity interventions to prevent relapse or recurrence in clients with depression, results reported differing degrees of efficacy for the evaluated interventions and that there was also no difference between clients receiving the intervention and those receiving usual care in terms of relapse of depression over 12 months (Rodgers et al, 2012). The researcher aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Li-CBT guided self-help as it is shown according to the studies in UK that it created a major shift on the mental health services provided and incredibly increased the access to the psychological services and provided the evidenced based CBT to a wide range of the UK population in a very few years of application. Application of such a therapeutic protocol on Arabic speaking population may yield similar results which can help boost mental health services in Arabic
This assignment will focus on Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) as an intervention that aims to reduce the challenges experienced by some people with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Tony Attwood, clinical psychologist states that whilst an individual with Autism can have ‘considerable intellectual ability, ‘there is invariably confusion and immaturity with regard to feelings.’ (Attwood, 2015). CBT focuses on the individual’s development and recognition of emotions and feelings, both their psychological and physiological manifestations, aiming to teach individuals how to recognise and identify dysfunctional or negative thought patterns. ‘It is a psychotherapeutic intervention aimed at enabling an individual to understand the thoughts and feelings
The effects of BA also appear to sustain amongst successful individuals between 6 to 24 months post treatment (Sturmey, 2009; Dobson et al, 2008). BA is also a preferred treatment due to the simplicity of execution as well as application in different setting and population of people (Mazzuchelli et al, 2009). BA is showed to be more cost effective than CBT as individuals with no advance training in psychological therapies is also able to facilitate the program, advancing its appeal to many. (Richards et al, 2016). Positive results from research authenticate the effectiveness of behavioral activation therapy and it is now believed to be an empirically validated treatment.
Among the psychological theories of depression, the most effective in treating the sense of guilt and lack of self-confidence are the behavioral theory and the cognitive theory. The first one suggests that depressive symptoms arise from the reduction of positive reinforcers in life. The individual withdraws from activities which are perceived as meaningless. The withdrawal will lead to further reduction of reinforcers, which will result in even more withdrawal. Behavioral therapy, therefore, focuses on the increase of positive reinforcers and decrease of withdrawal actions by helping the patient to interact in a different manner with other people and the environment.
The researchers identified two trajectory classes where participants were categorized into moderate or severe depression groups based on the severity of symptoms (p.1000) It was observed that medication produces quicker results in participants suffering from moderate and severe depression but when the treatment ended participants reverted to their old state. For the group diagnosed with moderate depression, medication was better than CBT at 6 months but there was no difference among the treatments at 12 months (p.1001). While for participants in the severe depression group, both treatments had similar effects at 6 months and at one year the group treated with medication got worse (due to discontinuation of treatment) but the group receiving CBT managed to sustain the clinical gains even after end of treatment. The researchers explained that participants who received CBT showed signs of improvement throughout the treatment and had long lasting effects. It was conferred that CBT was a better treatment option considering its long-term benefits.
When interactional capabilities are worked upon, they assist in providing results that are desirable and fulfilling in nature for the patient. The use of social cognitive therapy and mental-habitual remedial therapy has proven to be highly effective as a therapeutic method for depression, with mental treatment being one of the best treatments in preventing depressive relapses occurring (Sue et al 1997:355). Unlike most medicinal drug treatments, psychological cognitive-habitual treatments assist in preventing the side effects experienced when using such medicinal applications. Overall, mental shifts in how treatment is explained and effectively accredited can assist
With an intervention of 8 weeks of cognitive-behavioral therapy principles, patients in both groups received the same treatment modules. Moreover, the primary outcome measure was the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II); similarly to the first study, and secondary outcome variables were suicidal ideation, anxiety, hopelessness and automatic thoughts. In both cited studies, the results were highly significant. In the first one, email-based CBT significantly reduced
In addition to those characteristic, there is a collaborative one. This characteristic is meant to create a stable structured relationships between the client(s) and therapist, this is because of the symptoms and individua can experience with BPD and how vulnerable they may be to interpersonal relationships. When a psychologist believes the therapy treatment is not enough they may send the individual to a psychiatrist where they can be given medication as a replacement or add on to the therapy treatment. Often when an individual present paranoia, split thinking, and dissociative episodes, they are given antipsychotic medication
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), 2. Relaxation Training, and 3. Biofeedback. These approaches are often used together to provide simultaneous interventions at cognitive and physical levels. Research on cognitive behavioral interventions in chronic pain involves CBT, relaxation therapy, biofeedback, or some combination of the three.
Outcomes from the present study suggest that they need to look elsewhere for ways of incrementing the effectiveness of psychological treatment for this disorder. Given that GAD clients spend considerable time living in, and responding to thoughts and images of, a nonexistent future (Borkovec et al., in press), one possibility involves the further development of methods for helping clients to attend to and live more fully in the present moment, a goal that their past CBT approaches have attempted to accomplish (Borkovec & Costello, 1993). More systematic ways of doing this are currently being explored by Roemer and Orsillo (in press) in their incorporation of aspects of mindfulness and acceptance therapy into CBT techniques for