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The Communicative Approach To Teaching Language

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Teaching language approaches in the past focused on teaching students to memorize and practice grammatical structures rather than teaching them the proper way of using the language in real life situations. As Ronald White stated that “there is no oral or pronunciation work, since it is the written language which is taught, and ‘mental discipline’ is stressed rather than any ability actually to use the language”(qtd. in Walia 127). According to Jack Richards, the “techniques that were often employed included memorization of dialogs, question and answer practice, substitution drills and various forms of guided speaking and writing practice” (qtd. in Walia 127). The students who were taught using those approaches were not able to communicate properly outside the class. Therefore, the need to develop a new approach which concentrate on communication rises (Walia127). Hence, the communicative approach were developed in the period between 1970 and 1980. Teaching languages using the communicative approach focus on making the “communicative competence” as the purpose of teaching languages and by “ acknowledging the independence of language and communication” (Freeman121).

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