Matt Finegan Ms. Macintosh United States History 20 January 2023 The government did not fully uphold the values of the right to life, consent of the governed, and liberty within the first 100 years of America's existence. While the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were significant steps towards creating a nation built on principles of equality and individual rights, the reality of America's history has been more complex. The idea of "all men are created equal" did not initially apply to all practically nonwhite people. In particular, the treatment of Indigenous peoples, Mexicans, Native Americans, and African Americans by the government is emphasized. Two significant events, the Indian Removal Act of 1830 and the Massacre at …show more content…
This is shown by three significant events: the Mexican-American War, the Trail of Tears, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act. These events prove that the government prioritized expanding and maintaining the power of the elite class over truly respecting the rights and autonomy of these groups of people. The Mexican-American War, in which the U.S. government annexed large portions of Mexican Territory without the consent of the Mexican people, was a massive violation of the principle of consent of the governed. The justification for the war was the belief in "Manifest Destiny," which ignored the fact that the land was already inhabited and governed by another sovereign nation. The people living there had no say in the matter. This had no consent from the Mexican people and, in the name of American expansion, showed a clear disregard for their right to self-government. The Mexican-American War violated the value of the governed's consent and disregarded the sovereignty of another nation and the rights of the people living there. The Trail of Tears, in which thousands of Native Americans were forcibly removed from their ancestral lands and relocated to reservations without their consent, was another time of Americans not following the value of consent of the governed. The government used the Indian Removal Act of 1830 to justify these actions, arguing that it was necessary for the expansion of white settlers. However, this forced relocation ignored the rights of the Native American tribes and violated their right to self-government. The act resulted in the deaths of thousands of Native Americans due to disease, starvation, and exposure. The Trail of Tears violated the principle of consent of the governed and disregarded the rights
The Indian Removal Act passed Congress on May 28, 1830 under Andrew Jackson's administration. This Act gave the president the right to negotiate with native tribes in the South and move them to designated lands to preserve their heritage called "reservations". The mentality behind this law centered around the idea that natives were inhabiting American territory and were not citizens or paying taxes. This caused political riffs against some tribes, and caused a series of battles between Americans and native tribes as the tribes were being located to states like Oklahoma and Nebraska. This removal act forever changed how Americans treat natives, and it changed tribal relations.
This treaty broke all former promises to Native Americans that they would be able to stay on what little land they had left. Consequently, they were marched 800 miles across harsh terrain in horrible conditions, dying by the thousands, despite promises that the trek would be made safe. This journey would come to be known as The Trail of Tears. As a result, Native Americans no longer had access to their hunting grounds, their sacred spaces, or the land they were familiar with. Not only were Native Americans killed, but their very spirit was crushed to the point of no return.
The Five Civilized Tribes had tried to fight the Indian Removal Act, in what is known as Cherokee Nation v. Georgia. In 1831, the Supreme Court ruled against the Cherokee Indians and ruled that they did not meet criteria for being a foreign nation. (Corbett et al., 2014) After the supreme court case of Worcester v. Georgia, some Indians decided to move west willingly. However, some did not, and Jackson decided that forcing them to move would be his only option, and this was known as the Trail of Tears.
The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was not justified, not everyone agreed and signed the treaty, of the Native Americans who did decided to move, many ended up dying, and in wars later on they sided with the Americans and fought with them. First of all, not everyone agreed and signed the treaty. The Cherokee and many other Native Americans were treated unfairly. They were also often cheated out of deals.
The authors of each article tackle the daunting task of representing the Indian Removal Act, the Trail of Tears, and president Andrew Jacksons approach, appropriately while also including their own personal opinions. They also must back up their points with fact and reason. Each author has a unique opinion compared to the others, and when read all together, provide a better understanding from multiple sides and sources. The question the authors debate is whether Andrew Jackson was justified in his removal of Native Americans by use of the Indian Removal Act of 1830. Was he protecting the safety of the Native Americans by moving them, or was he only progressing the agenda of the white man?
“One can never forget the sadness and solemnity of that morning of that morning… Many of the children rose to their feet and waved their little hands good-by to their mountain homes, knowing they were leaving them forever.” - John G. Burnett, US military interpreter during the Trail of Tears. In one of the blackest marks made in history by the United States, the Trail of Tears was the brutal removal of the Cherokee and many other tribes from their homes. While the Supreme Court had ruled that the Cherokee Nation had the right to the land, Andrew Jackson had forced nearly 1,600 Native Americans to march to Oklahoma from Georgia and surrounding areas instead, ignoring the court ruling. The Indian Removal Act was a step in the wrong direction for our
Although President Andrew Jackson painted a very positive image on the Indian Removal Act, the outcomes were far from positive. One particular brutal outcome of the Indian Removal Act was the trail of tears. The trail of tears was the name given to the migration of the Cherokees, who suffered an eight hundred mile migration from the eastern woodlands to Oklahoma (Bentley, 2011, p. 679). During the migration period, this group experienced starvation, death from disease and difficulties of relocation. The Native Americans were subjected to a foreign and unknown land far from their home which presented great challenges for their
Indian Removal Act:There's no place like home The” Trail of Tears” is remembered as the most catastrophic events in American history. It was popularly known as the “Trail of Tears” because it had adverse effects on the history,culture and development of the Cherokee Indians .The “Indian Removal Act” was established during President Andrew Jackson’s jurisdiction. It led to the suffering and deaths of thousands of Cherokee Indians.
The “Indian Removal Act”, for example, was put into action in order to clear out the land for white settlers to live upon. The United States used such shameful methods as the slaughter of native tribes as well as biological warfare through blankets covered in smallpox. Forced marches used to relocate the natives resulted in very high death rates. The “Trail of Tears” in 1838 was cause by the Indian Removal Act, and caused the destruction of the majority of the Cherokee tribe. After being removed from their homes, the Native Americans were placed in a small reservation with little land and resources.
The Indian Removal Act also known as the “Trail of Tears” was signed on May 28, 1830 by President Andrew Jackson. Allowing the president to grant unsettled lands west of the Mississippi for exchange of Indian lands inside the state borders. He forced the westward move of the "five civilized" Native American tribes, the Creeks, Chickasaws, Seminoles, Cherokees and Choctaws. A few tribes went without trouble, but many resisted the policy. About 4,000 Cherokees died when the United States government forcibly moved them during the fall and winter of 1838 and 1839.
The founding fathers evolved their ideas about what a government shouldn’t be--which were expressed in the Declaration of Independence--into ideas about what a government should be--which were expressed in the Constitution. The Declaration focuses on being “separate” from Great Britain, using words such as “dissolve” to emphasize the new start for the colonies. The Constitution also focuses on a new start for the colonies, but in a different way. The Declaration tries to define the colonies as being apart from Great Britain, while the Constitution defines the colonies as being “united” with each other.
Under influence of president Andrew Jackson, the congress was urged in 1830 to pass the Indian Removal Act, with the goal of relocated many Native Americans in the East territory, the west of Mississippi river. The Trail of tears was made for the interest of the minorities. Indeed, if president Jackson wished to relocate the Native Americans, it was because he wanted to take advantage of the gold he found on their land. Then, even though the Cherokee won their case in front the supreme court, the president and congress pushed them out(Darrenkamp).
The Indian Removal Act was highly controversial at the time, with some Americans opposing it on moral grounds, while others supported it for economic and political reasons. The removal itself was a traumatic experience for the affected tribes, as they were forced to leave behind their homes, communities, and way of life. Thousands died during the journey westward, known as the Trail of Tears, due to disease, starvation, and exposure. Today, the Indian Removal Act and its legacy are widely criticized as a dark chapter in American history that violated the human rights and sovereignty of Native American peoples.
The Genocide: Trail of Tears/ The Indian removal act During the 1830s the united states congress and president Andrew Jackson created and passed the “Indian removal act”. Which allowed Jackson to forcibly remove the Indians from their native lands in the southeastern states, such as Florida and Mississippi, and send them to specific “Indian reservations” across the Mississippi river, so the whites could take over their land. From 1830-1839 the five civilized tribes (The Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, and Chickasaw) were forced, sometimes by gun point, to march about 1,000 miles to what is present day Oklahoma.
Throughout the 19th century Native Americans were treated far less than respectful by the United States’ government. This was the time when the United States wanted to expand and grow rapidly as a land, and to achieve this goal, the Native Americans were “pushed” westward. It was a memorable and tricky time in the Natives’ history, and the US government made many treatments with the Native Americans, making big changes on the Indian nation. Native Americans wanted to live peacefully with the white men, but the result of treatments and agreements was not quite peaceful. This precedent of mistreatment of minorities began with Andrew Jackson’s indian removal policies to the tribes of Oklahoma (specifically the Cherokee indians) in 1829 because of the lack of respect given to the indians during the removal laws.