CHAPTER FOUR: DISCUSSION
The objective of this study was to compare the magnitude of complementary feeding practices and stunting among under-five in the North and southern Regions/Zones of Nigeria. Complementary feeding is the major determinant of child nutrition after the six months WHO recommended exclusive breast feeding. Appropriate Complementary Feeding can be seen as an input that can produce the desired product(s) of good nutritional status or stunting as the ultimate outcome among under-fives. Mother’s education has been noted to be crucial in child nutrition especially as it relates to feeding practices. The proportion of Under-five stunting according to mother’s education shows the highest prevalence in both moderate
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The need for an urgent EBF programs and health education and promotion must be pursued vigorously; otherwise, the future of EBF would be bleak with its attendant consequences.
Immunization and healthcare services for under -five diseases must be given adequate attention and be fully integrated into the primary healthcare and ensuring training and retraining of appropriate health workers and nutritionist, dietetics among others to man the facilities. Integrated community based nutrition programs must be geared towards addressing under-fives needs with local or available food materials that are culturally acceptable.
Social Services and infrastructure provision in the rural and other geographically disadvantaged regions must also be given priority and not to be politically motivated or denied as a means of
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Reassessment of the present policies and programs on child and maternal nutrition to be reviewed and re-strategize in conformity with globalization especially taking into consideration food vendors and infant’s food manufactures and local food markets.
Girl child education as future mothers must be a top priority and the inclusion of nutrition education in to the national education curriculum in the country.
Training and retraining of health workers and stake holders in the nutrition industry to support and provide nutrition information at hospitals, clinics, work places and places of worship for men women and the adolescents because, childcare and feeding is everybody’s
Introduction The Army serves food to a huge number of its soldiers on a daily basis. As a result, it is vital that the meals be carefully planned and prepared to make certain of good nutrition and variety. To do this, there is the Army Field Feeding System (AFFS). This refers to a system that is designed to in such a way as to perform continued tactical feeding with an aim to fulfill the commander’s needs.
In the United States there are many children and adults that go hungry, due to financial problems. With the economy and how high cost of living is, it’s hard to provide, food for the family. The results of hunger on children in America are not having the right nutrition, can have serious implication for a child’s physical and mental health. Also food insecurity is harmful to all people, but it is particularly devastating to children.
Programs similar to WIC, such as one that medically cared for women during and after their pregnancies, were cut, as well. Improper nutrition has an obvious negative impact on a pregnancy, for both mother and infant. “Food insecurity is another thread in the rope choking off the lives of American women” (Berg 148). Proper nutrition needs to be made available to women, especially during pregnancy, and infants. Furthermore, programs should be made available so that women can be educated on proper nutrition decisions during pregnancy.
Parizad Batty Avari EYE11-3.4 Discuss the nutritional requirements of children aged: • 1-2 years • 2-3 years • 3-5 years • 5-7 years Diet has a huge impact on a child’s growth and development; therefore, it is essential that one understands their nutritional needs and caters for them. Children need a range of healthy foods that include a portion of carbohydrates, protein, vitamins, minerals, dairy and a small amount of fat every day. Children need portions that are in proportion to their age and height. As children grow their nutritional requirements vary as they need more energy and that comes slightly larger portion sizes. It is recommended that all individuals should consume a diet that contains: • Plenty of starchy foods such as rice,
Parizad Batty-Avari EYE11-4.1 Explain the impacts of poor diet on children's health and development Nutritious food is of paramount importance for a healthy mind and body. Childhood is a time of critical growth in which proper nutrition is absolutely necessary. Children who have poor diets either due of a lack of food or because of bad eating habits and patterns, leads to inadequate intake of nutrients and are prone to significant short-term and long-term health impacts and diseases. Short-term impact on children’s health:
Researchers: Kyle Antonio Latayan & Margaret Manuel General Topic: Nutrition Narrowed Topic: Effects of malnutrition on children ages 6-10 in NCR in 2013 Thesis Statement: There are several effects of malnutrition among children living in the poverty line because they do not receive adequate education. Literature Review Nutrition is one of the essential processes directly influencing the overall health and growth of an individual. This requires a person to be fully aware on the types and quantity of food he or she needs to intake on a regular basis. However, the nutrition education of most people are adversely affected, as poverty continues to be one of the central problems encompassing the whole world, especially the third world countries.
Physical- One way physical needs were met was through the access of water which created a plentiful source of low cost refreshment throughout the day. All children had a water bottle which was kept in the classroom. Children were given ready access to water throughout the day. Water provision: encouraged good health and wellbeing among the children, reduced tiredness, irritability and distraction from thirst, had a positive effect on children’s concentration throughout the day and raised awareness of the importance of adequate fluid intake and healthy eating as part of a healthy and active life.
Because breastmilk takes on the flavor of foods eaten by the mother,[8] these foods are especially good choices.[9 ] Nestlé's Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS) of 2008 indicates that few American babies are fed baby food before the age of four months. Mother’s knowledge regarding complementary feeding time is inadequate and practices are inappropriate. Majority of them are not aware of the current recommendations and proper way of doing it. Correct information and guidelines about complementary feeding is not reaching the target population.
Thus, the causes of undernourishment and of death from hunger and malnutrition of children are immensely complex, and they cannot be simply attributed to war or natural catastrophes. They are primarily due
Nutritional deficiencies result in impaired physical and mental development of humans, loss of productivity, susceptibility to various diseases among others (Lim et al, 2012). They are caused not only by low quantities of food consumed but also by poor dietary diversity; as dietary diversity is a good indicator of broader nutritional status. More diverse diets are associated with lower rates of nutritional problems in many parts of the world (Popkin and Slining, 2013). As a result, to improve nutrition and health, it is important to increase dietary diversity. It has been noted that in Africa and Asia, majority of malnourished people are rural dwellers who are smallholder farmers (Pinstrup-Andersen, 2007).
Contribution to health of a population also derives from social determinants of health like living conditions, nutrition, safe drinking water, sanitation, education, early child development and social security measures. According to major health indicators like immunization of infants, nutrition level in children and women, supplementation of food and its equity among all, India holds the low position compared to even Sub-Saharan African countries and Conflict ravaged countries like Afghanistan and Haiti and even from the neighboring South Asian countries like Bangladesh. (UNICEF Report
Plenty of students in the United States dread going to school and would much rather use this time to play video games, watch TV, or even sleep. But in third world countries, children, especially girls, do not have the opportunity to receive an education. These girls would exchange anything in order to attend school and have an opportunity to be independent, educated, and equal to their male counterparts. Governments need to implement policies that guarantee girls education in order to promote gender equality, boost their economy, and prevent child marriage. Research has shown that educating girls will not only benefit each individual girl, but also their community and country as a whole.
While the prevalence of malnutrition (height for age) in areas with an urban population share below 20% is 48.9%, this figure is only 25.3% in areas with an urban population share between 50% and 90%. The same trend is found with weight for age: while the rate is about 26.2% in areas with an urban population share below 20%, the figure is only 9.5% in areas where that share is between 50% and 90%. Differences between urban and rural areas in health care centres and access to health facilities explain the differences in life expectancy and childhood malnutrition. On average, only 46.2% of African children are taken to a health provider: only 41.7% in areas with an urban share less than 20% and 51.2% in areas with an urban share between 50% and 90%. Moreover, births attended by skilled staff are only 38.3% in areas with an urban population share below 20% and 78.0% in areas with that share between 50% and 90%.
According to the royal society, between1930 and 2010 the world’s population grew from 2 billion to 6.8 billion ,so the Continuing population causes a consumption growth and that means the global demand will increase over the next years and growing competition for land, water and energy will increase too(Black, 2010). Growth of population will affect on some countries ability to produce food especially in the poor developing countries, so improved nutrition is central to improved income generation, poverty reduction, and provide a good food quality. Lack of food quality has an impact on mother’s nourishment because they are more likely to give a birth, so mothers which are malnourished later will give birth of babies with a less healthier, growth retardation are associated with reduced physical activity, impairment of
Hunger problem exists mostly in underdeveloped countries. Hunger could be transmitted from mother to child. Every year, million of children are born underweight because their mothers are also