This chapter will highlight the concept of education, guidance and counselling, historical development and the need for guidance and counselling. It will also look at government involvement in guidance and counselling, the Counsellor and counselling, the role of head teachers in discipline management in primary Schools, guidance and counselling programme and discipline in primary schools, personal and social guidance and approaches to counselling. The other sections of the chapter included challenges facing the school management in implementing guidance and counselling, theoretical framework, conceptual framework and the summary of literature review
Concept of education, guidance and counselling
Njagi, (2007), argue red that African indigenous
…show more content…
Systematic work was done by George Merrill in 1885 at California University. Other contributors to this were Godwin (1911), Weaver (1912) and Davis (1913), (Internet source). Witmer (1990) says that African traditions and cultures guided youth in social roles, values, belief system, sex, regimental roles and skills they would need to enhance their culture. As society is dynamic, there are rapid social and economic changes that affect the students in our schools According to Muithya (1996), in the traditional African society, character formation was achieved through intense formal and informal programme of guidance and counselling. Makinde (1984) notes that guidance and counselling has been an essential part of every society and each society had its own sources of wisdom which controlled and regulated social interactions. He states that in African society’s provision of guidance and counselling was effected through identified people to whom members could turn to when necessary. The “Report of the National Committee on Educational Objectives and Policies of 1976” recommended that guidance and counselling be taught using subjects like Religious Education, Social Education and Ethics to enable the school promote the growth of self-discipline among students (Republic of Kenya, …show more content…
There is agreement among experts that there are three major components of guidance and counselling. These are educational guidance, vocational guidance and personal social guidance (UNESCO module 2000a). (Denga 2001) Each of these major components of guidance and counselling along with their services address students’ needs’, challenges and problems. The goal of guidance and counselling services is to enable each learner in institutions of learning to derive optimal educational benefits so as to actualize his/her potentialities Smith (2006) proposed and outlined ten stages of strength-based counselling to illustrate how the approach may be implemented. The ten stages are: (a) Creating the therapeutic alliance; (b) Identifying strengths; (c) Assessing presenting problems; (d) Encouraging and instilling hope; (e) Framing solutions; (f) Building strength and competence; (g) Empowering; (h) Changing; (i) Building resilience; and (j) Evaluating and terminating. Following the stages, the approach will result into a disciplined group of youths with a focus on the strengths that they have to achieve specific life goals. During the first African Conference on guidance and counselling in Nairobi (2002, 22nd- 26th April) in
When working with children and young people, it is important that their safety and well-being is paramount. There are a number of guidelines, policies and procedures which cover the safeguarding of pupils, including; Working together to safeguard children (2013)- This policy sets out guidelines of how organisations and individuals should work together to safeguard and promote the welfare of children and young people in accordance with the Children Act 1989 and the Children Act 2004. As well as laying out these guidelines, the document also provides a summary of: The nature of child abuse and neglect and the impact it may have on children and young people. How to operate the best practice in child protection procedure.
A personal philosophy of counselling Introduction My personal odyssey into the realm of counselling has been quite the reluctant adventure. The perilous journey from childhood to adulthood was difficult to navigate given the cognitive map that had been handed down. My father was a functioning alcoholic who was both physically and verbally abusive. My mother was a martyr prone to mood swings and suicidal thoughts.
A Case Study with Case Formulation and Counselling skills for Children Formulation is one of the core skills practiced by psychologists. The development and maintenance of the client's problems and needs are elicited through a framework drawn on from psychological research and practice. It integrates knowledge acquired through assessment using 'psychological, biological and systemic factors and procedures'. Formulation may involve many hypotheses by drawing on various theoretical models, and provides a foundation for the development of the appropriate psychological intervention (DCP 2010 cited in DCP 2011). Variations of the formulation technique have been applied to develop frameworks specifically for family therapy (Carr 1990).
Beside personal therapy, boundary setting is one of the essential elements to develop effective client-counsellor relationship. It provides a consistent framework in the counselling process which shapes the appropriate interaction and relationship structure. There are five basic principles outlined in the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia (PACFA) Interim Code of Ethics 2015 that guides the therapeutic boundaries. They include: beneficence (to promotes the best interest of the client), non-maleficence (“doing no harm”), autonomy (to encourage independent thinking and decision-making in the client), justice (to provide equal and fair service), and fidelity (to be honest and commit to client’s progress). However, the structure
A Vision for Change (2006) has set out recommendations with regards to child and adolescent mental health. However, it can be argued that there is a lack of progress regarding the issues young people have highlighted as priorities. The youth organisations discussed, Mind Out, NYPs, BBBS, work from a personal development youth work model. (Kiely 2009, p. 22) They are concerned with enabling young people to manage their lives and integrate into existing society.
In every school there are set policies and procedures so that all people working within the school are aware and stick to the same rules. Consistency is imperative. All adults working in the school would be : teaching staff, support staff, lunchtime supervisors, kitchen staff, governors, after school staff and temporary staff. There are many policies in schools that children and staff should be aware of.
1. The mission of the school counseling program is to assist all student achieve to the best of his or her ability personally/socially, academically, and vocationally through comprehensive and developmentally appropriate program(s) to be productive citizens, community members, and lifelong learners. This is a collaborative and multi-tiered support approach involving students, parents, faculty and staff, and community learners as stakeholders in the success of our students. 2.
But in counselling our worldview is define by how we think about everyday matters, cause of behaviour that trigger emotional distress and problems. (Meleod, 2007) state that to be a “good” counsellor we must know our self-awareness, belief values and what our personal feeling and thoughts are, and how it can help us engage with clients in the counselling practice. While Egan state that it important for counsellor to believe in the counselling process and formed a good therapeutic relationship that allow clients to trust them and feel accepted without being judge regardless of their problem or cultures. (Egan.
Essay #1: Ethical Principles in Professional Counseling Autonomy The principle of autonomy is to consider the clients’ rights on making their own decisions when resolving their own conflicts. The counselor cannot tell them what to do in order to resolve their problems. The counselor encourages the client’s personal growth while respecting the client’s culture, personal values, and belief.
The vision statement for my future school’s counseling department will describe a program which will empower all students to reach their highest potential by using a comprehensive program that addresses academic, personal/social, and career goals. It will promote an environment to encourage personal inquiry and growth, social responsibility, and academic excellence. School counselors believe that every student can succeed through the collaborative efforts including school, home, and community, leading to responsible and productive citizenship in the 21st century. (“Mission, Vision, and Values”,
Firstly, I need to identify the causes and formation of the difficulty situation of my client. I should not involve my own personal emotions when analysing the situation. Next, clarification of the situation is essential. The clients should figure out themselves on how to face the situation. An effective counsellor listen more than talks, and what they do say gives the client a sense of being heard and understood.
Over the past one and half month, the class of PDE 502 (Counselling and Career Education) has taught me some major lessons for life in dealing with the clients in response to their emotional needs. The role of a counsellor is not unlike that of a friend where by it is nurtured by being in each other’s company, talking over everyday issues and sharing feelings. However, what sets a counsellor apart is their experience and the ability to apply counselling theories and techniques to assist people in gaining awareness, insight and explore ways of solving their own issues.
Counselling skills are initiated in order to help the person to talk, making sense of their situation, developing these ideas about what the counsellor can do, and out these ideas into action. Individuals think, feel and react in different ways. By integrating different ways of helping people bring change in their lives, a counsellor can work with each client to produce a unique therapy adapted to suit what that client wants, and
In this semester, I have been exposed to the subject of Introduction to Guidance and Counselling which is a new field of study for me. After I have received this lesson, I can relate my experiences with what I have learned. Not only that, I also have different perspective towards after I learned this subject. The aspects that I can relate my experiences and thoughts with are the differences between advice, guidance and counselling as well as the goals of counselling.
School and teachers can influence the extent and quality of learning for all students. Teacher’s beliefs, practices and attitudes are important for understanding and improving educational processes. They are closely linked to teachers’ strategies for coping with challenges in their daily professional life. Educators have control over numerous factors that influence motivation, achievement and behaviour of students. They are turning around their approach into a focus on creating positive school climate and responsive classroom as part of holistic quality education based on child rights where there is effective teaching and classroom management, thus enhancing students’ learning experiences.