In her work The Reproduction of Motherhood: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender (1978), Chodorow affirms that the first phase of mother-child duality, during which the mother acts as ‘external ego’ for her children and makes ‘total environmental provision’ for them, must be followed by one in which the child start recognizing the mother as a separate entity to enable the child’s development of self. The acknowledgment of this separateness is made possible by the frustration of expectations of primary love. Chodorow also underlines how the relationship a mother develops with her child changes greatly according to the newborn’s sex. While the detachment from a son is seen as more natural and plain by mothers, because of the different sex that characterises the two parties in the relationship, the bond towards daughters tends to be symbiotic, characterized by feeling of merging and separation. Girls tend to perceive mothers as both different but similar, and they continue fearing identification with the maternal figure.
The central point of her work assumes that motherhood takes different names and forms depending on the society that is practicing it. (Akujoni. 2011:2). This argument invalidates radical feminist perspective such as Andrea Dworkin and Gloria Steinem that invariably portrays motherhood as a being a burden and
The Significance of Motherly Sacrifice Many people take the sacrifices that parents make for them for granted. Specifically, many mothers give up important aspects of their lives for their children. Khaled Hosseini, author of A Thousand Splendid Suns demonstrates the significance of motherly sacrifice in several different ways through Nana, Laila, and Mariam. Although Nana is not the epitome of a loving mother, she did make some sacrifices critical in the makeup of Mariam’s life and character. Nana explains to Mariam how she gave birth to her all alone, and even had to cut the umbilical cord herself with absolutely no one there for support (11).
Incorporating sociological and ethnographic research on the dynamics of mother/daughter relationship in South Asian Immigrant families, It discussed about the ways in which the particular experience of the family in “Queen of Dreams” relates to the difficulties usually faced by Indian-born mother and their American-born daughter. This multidimensional methodology allows the examination of the novel’s familial relationships from various perspectives in order to draw a comprehensive picture of the family’s influence on the construction of the daughter’s ethnic identity. While the cognitive and respective assumption about one another, psychoanalytic theory enables us to examine the dynamics of the female psyche in the context of mother/daughter
According to the Belsky 's Model of the Determinants of Parenting, there are three essential parenting domains which contribute to successful parenting. This includes parent contributions, child contributions, and contextual sources of stress and support (Copeland & Harbaugh, 2005). In this article, Copeland and Harbaugh identify the differences in the amount of parenting stress observed in married and single mother with their six to eight weeks old infant. The participants ' demographic information was collected, and the level of parenting stress was determined by the Parenting Stress Index Short Form (PSI/SF). In order to assure the overall well-being of infants, a solution to this problem is vital.
The researcher had a group of mothers who had their first child when particularly younger or older than average. This article highlights the classed dimensions of normative discourses about the timing of motherhood and draws attention to the lifecourse dis-synchronicities which these two groups of women faced around becoming a mother, especially the older group for whom this had important intergenerational consequences. Self-Determination/Determination The study of Anctil, Ishikawa and Scott (2008) has 19 self-determined and high achieving participants. Through interview, they illustrate how persistence influences competence; that influences their career decision making and enhances self realization and supports one’s academic identity. Deci, Vallerand, Pelletier and Ryan (2011) conducted a study of self determination theory when applied to realm of education.
Motherhood is an endless affiliation to the nucleus of life; however, it is not an easy going affair to dive into its heart. To some people, motherhood is connected to the innate ability to give birth to a child; to others, it is a peculiar case of mind and heart situate towards transcendence and sophistication to possess maternal ability. Thus, the depiction of mothers and motherhood varies in the children 's literary works, and each writer presents his preferment, which prompted by his/her personal experience or interpretation. Hence, and based on her personal encounters, Mildred D. Taylor, in her novel Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry, presents a challenging and gritty portrayal of motherhood, embodied in several characters, through their pursuit
INTRODUCTION MOTHERHOOD Motherhood is a unique and universal gift bestowed upon woman by nature, conferring a great responsibility upon her. But is this ‘gift of motherhood,’ a boon or a bane, does motherhood elevate and empower or does it subjugate and enslave a mother? The answer isn’t simple because it is embedded in the intricacies that involve the various aspects and perspectives that influence motherhood. So complex is the issue that, even while defining motherhood one wonders where to begin? Should one begin to define it from pregnancy or does one begin to define it from the early childhood or adolescence – a stage which prepares the female body for motherhood?
As the fetus grows, it demands more fat and nutrition than the mother’s blood supply can provide. The need for more food triggers the onset of labor. The fetus needs to leave the womb and find a more efficient form of nutrition. In the first stage of labor, signals are sent to the mother’s body for the uterus to contract and the cervix to dilate to get ready for the head to squeeze through. However, humans are poorly designed for birth.
Motherhood is often defined as an automatic set of feelings and behaviors that is switched on by pregnancy and the birth of the baby, it is also seen as moral transformation whereby a woman comes to terms with being different in that she ceases to be an autonomous individual because she is one way or the other attached to another her baby. ( Motherhood in African Literature and Culture." CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 13.1 (2011): The identity of a woman is formed in relation to the values, meanings and symbols of her society. Her ‘self ‘is affected by the cultural world outside. The meanings and values of the cultural society are internalised.The ideology of motherhood differs according to the socio-cultural context, ethnicity,