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Maslow's Hierarchy Of Needs Model

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MASLOW’S THEORY OF NEED HIERARCHY
Hierarchy of Needs model was developed by in USA. Maslow opined that human actions are directed towards goal and how to achieve it.A behavoiur could satisfy several functions at a given time. E.g. getting a membership at city’s premium club can fulfill need for self esteem as well as need for socialization by interacting with people. This model has strong acceptance ( in spite of certain limitations) in modern management and is widely used for understanding human needs , do designs motivational measures, management training and personal development.
The Maslow 's Hierarchy of Needs is a five-stage model. The original five stage model is discussed here.
Physiological Needs are basic needs required to sustain …show more content…

It is the quest to reach at ones’ full potential. Unlike lower level needs, this need is never fully satisfied. As one grows, more opportunities for further growth crop up. Very few people overcome the hindrances of their daily life to fulfill lower level needs and reach the level of self actualization.
Similarly Maslow’ Need Hierarchy Model has both advantages and limitations.
Advantages
• It is an excellent model to understand needs of workers and employees.
• With the help of need analysis of this model, motivational measures, job designs, compensation packages and various events can be designed.
• Lunch and rest breaks and decent wages can fulfill workers’ physiological needs.
• On the basis of safety needs, safe work environment can be created and workers be given job security and related benefits like retirement and insurance.
• To fulfill social needs, team based projects can be given. Social events should also be organized regularly.
• The workers’ achievements must be recognized and appreciated. Promotions to competent persons will also help fulfilling esteem …show more content…

In spite of its limitations, Maslow’s Need Hierarchy model is widely accepted and recognized model in social sciences. Many motivational measures and training programmes are designed on the basis of this model.
3.5.3 THEORY X AND THEORY Y
Theory X and theory Y was given by Douglas McGregor. This work is an extension of Maslow’s need hierarchy theory. McGregor has divided needs in two categories. Category X has lower needs and category Y has higher order needs. Either set of needs can be used to motivate employees, although better results are achieved if theory Y is chosen.
Theory X has following assumptions.
1. People have an inherent dislike for work.
2. Because of their dislike for work, people avoid work as far as possible.
3. People need to coerced or threatened with punishment to force them to work.
4. People need to be directed and controlled to get them to achieve organizational objectives.
5. People preferred to be directed. They shun the responsibility and lack ambitions.
6. People want security more than anything else.
7. Motivation exists only at physiological and safety levels.
Theory Y has following assumptions.
1. Expenditure of effort in work is as natural as play and rest.
2. People are not

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