And from chapter 11 of The Mozi, “Agreement with the Superior I”, Mozi has said, “What the superior thinks to be right, all shall think to be right. What the superior thinks to be wrong, all shall think to be wrong ”. This have indicated that the superior, which is the emperor, will have absolute say and power in the country, showing that it is totalitarian. Furthermore, the Mozi has stated that everyone must follow and agree with what the superior’s standard of right or wrong. In chapter 12 of The Mozi, it has been stressed that those who follow and agree with the superior shall be rewarded, while those who are against the superior’s word would be punished heavily by the superior and condemn by the people .
Each has its place in the hierarchy of the earth and all the relationships between people are subject to the same rules. In the understanding of Confucius ritual is a necessary rein to feelings and impulses that keeps them under control of the mind. Confucianism’s moral philosophy is based on the principle that man, being a small part of the whole of nature, a microcosm, is itself the general qualities of nature's order, justice, kindness, honesty. Therefore, it is enough for man to be trained and to be directed in order to improve. Perfection is given to them by example by their ancestors.
Confucius is arguably the one of the greatest ancient philosophers, his teachings have shaped Chinese society and his values have extended to societies around the world. Perhaps his most well known teaching is his response to his disciple, Tzu-kung’s question, “Is there one word which can serve as the guiding principle for conduct throughout life?” Confucius’ response was, “It is the word altruism (shu). Do not do to others what you do not want them to do to you.” (Chan) To follow this principle and other Confucian teachings of moral uprightness and virtue is attain the position of a superior man. Superior man in Confucian ideology refers to someone who is benevolent (jen) and has achieved learning and exhibits filial piety and honors his ancestors.
By analyzing the goodness or evil human nature, they all points out that the only way to become virtuous and morally, or even further, sages, continuous self-cultivation and education are required, in order to enrich the knowledge, also sense of humaneness. These suggestions are coming from their analyses about human nature, which demonstrating the original idea about governing of Confucianism – self-cultivation as the root of regulating all social organizations. Not only the intention of education, but also the emphasizing about the learning environment shows the similarity between Mencius and Hsün Tzu. They both mentioned about the importance of influencing the impact of education by their circumstances. “Yi Chiu (奕秋), who is a master on playing chess in the country.
It has been followed by the Chinese for more than two millennia. They teach people the wisdom of life, family and governance. The basic thoughts of Confucius Confucian ethics are described as humanistic. Confucian ethics is characterized by the promotion of virtues, encompassed by the Five Constants. The Five Constants are 1) Rén (仁, benevolence, humaneness) is the Confucian virtue denoting the good feeling a virtuous human experiences
This book is the first, published in 1997, of three projected volumes examining Confucian-Mencian ethical thought by Professor Kwong-loi Shun. This book is to explore the possibilities of the text (Roetz, 1999, p. 385) and to study the reflective ethical thinking of Mencius with subsequent references to and comparisons with that of other early Chinese thinkers such as Confucius, Mo Tsu, the Yangists and Hsün Tsu, through assessing and analyzing traditional and contemporary interpretations of the Meng-tzu in commentaries and translations. By ethical thinking, the author means thinking about how one should live; a conception of the ethical life or the ethical ideal is an answer to this question. Due to the separation from the more philosophical
A significant feature in Confucian tradition regards the concept of “xiao”, or filial piety, a virtue of respect for one’s parents and ancestors. Recently, this concept has obtained increased interest, as many are analyzing possible interpretations and meanings to various Confucius passages. This paper discusses more specifically the motivation or reasoning behind some acts of filial piety, arguing that a son’s filial actions stem from basic human nature versus lying within moral uprightness. The discussion begins with a survey of existing views on the topic before introducing the crux of the essay and possible objections. One particular controversial passage portrays a conversation between the governor of She and Confucius.
Confucianism is an ethical and philosophical system, on occasion described as a religion, developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius .It has a monumental impact upon the life, social structure, and political philosophy of China for more than 2500 years. Confucius (/kənˈfjuːʃəs/; 551–479 BC)[1] was a Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history. My view on Confucianism Positive side There are five constant virtues in Confucianism: benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity, as specified in the feudal ethical code. I think this is the ancient wisdom which can be adopted as the rule of behavior both in ancient and modern world. I know these five
As we have discussed in lectures and learned about from class readings, the three pillars of stability in autocratic regimes include legitimation, repression and co-optation (Gerschewski,2013). These three pillars are what prevent the authoritarian regimes from collapsing and help to retain their stability. In this essay I will examine and discuss the Chinese Communist Party in relation to Johannes Gerschewski’s three pillars. I am asked to debate whether the Chinese Communist Party and its authoritarian
Therefore, each leader should have a vision and mission for the benefit of all parties. All the planning is done carefully, intelligent, flexible, and constructive and understands. Imam al-Ghazali once said: "Do not be a leader preoccupied with matters of worship (worship Sunnah), while the people are waiting at the front door of the house to ask for help from her because fulfill the wishes of the Muslims is more important than the Sunnah of worship." One day Umar bin Abdul Aziz was busy taking care of the people until the time of the afternoon. After dhuhr prayers, Umar enters the room to relax after a tired manages his people than her son came into the room and said: O father, how of example father is now dead?