Productivity In Construction

Information on productivity is vital for detailing and/or formulating methodologies and for assessing the adequacy of productivity improvement policies and programmes (Chau and Walker, 1988). In construction, efficiency can be measured at various levels. Macro and micro level measurements have distinctive purposes: macro level measurement is concerned with measuring at industry wide levels and is essential for detailing policies and setting spending plans, in any case, at the operational level, they are of no worth; micro level measurements measure productivity at the project level and along these lines can give helpful data to managers and supervisors to address efficiency issues (BFC, 2006). Since construction activities are mostly labour

With a specific end goal to enhance construction (road maintenance) labour productivity, an investigation of factors influencing productivity is important (Enshassi et al., 2007:246). As it has been shown by past research undertaken on labour productivity in the construction sector, that there are assorted discoveries and opinions on the factors that influence the performance of the construction workforce. Levy (2007:5) reports that labour efficiency in construction continues as before and has even radically declined in some areas of construction. In any case, the output of construction labourers is generally researched and the factors influencing labour efficiency and effectiveness are for the most part established. Numerous studies have been undertaken to investigate the factors influencing construction labour productivity. Among the most huge factors impinging on the output and effectiveness of the construction workforce is lack of construction materials (Makulsawatudom, Emsley and Sinthawanarong, 2004:3; Enshassi et al., 2007:252; Dai, Goodrum and Maloney, 2009:221; Ameh and Osegbo 2011:620; Rivas, Borcherding, Gonzalez and Alarcon, 2011:316). Furthermore, general construction performance is accounted for to be antagonistically influenced by shortage of, or breakdown of construction equipment and/or tools during construction production processes (Rivas et

A few studies acknowledged the unfavourable effect of clients or consultants (design professionals) on construction productivity. The study embraced by Ameh and Osegbo (2011:62); Jarkas and Bitar (2012:818); Soham and Rajiv (2013:585) highlighted late reaction and/or response of consultants to drawing inquiries and production information inadequacies (Clarity and drawing errors) as a design challenge. Likewise, late payment of construction workers and/or specialists is noted by Soham and Rajiv (2013:454) as another factor influencing construction productivity. Olabosipo et al. (2011:255) contend that the performance of construction workers is fundamentally reliant on training and labourer motivation. Inadequate labourer training in the road maintenance (construction) sector may add to the construction skills shortage. Subsequently, lack of skills of construction labour forces which could bring about reworks, lower pace of work and negatively influence general construction execution (Soham and Rajiv 2013:455; Durdyev et al. 2012:5). Dai et al. (2009:397), indicated that the factors influencing construction labour productivity are enormous and are for the most part interdependent. Enshassi et al. (2007:246) included that the factors that encroach on construction workers efficiency are not typically the same, and these factors may vary from one nation to another, project to project