Construction Waste

Construction waste is becoming a critical environmental issue especially for those countries that undergoes rapid development to cater the increasing population amount. With the increasing demand for major infrastructure projects, commercial building and housing development programs, it contributes large amounts of wastage being produced in construction work (Begum et al., 2009). Construction and demolition (C&D) debris which comprises 10–30% of the waste received at many landfill sites around the world (Fishbein, 1998) had significantly raised to 20-30% in recent years (Vasudevan, 2015). Moreover, poor management of waste affected the effectiveness and efficiency on performance and productivity on the site, creates pollution and burden to

This statement had been further proven by referring to the IBS survey 2008 which identified the minimal wastage as the most beneficial reason of implement prefabrication system to contractors (Majid, 2011). However, only 10% of complete project utilized IBS by year 2006 despite the IBS is introduced in the late 1960s in Malaysia (Hamid et al. 2008). The root cause of slow adoption is due to the availability of low-cost unskilled foreign labors which counteract the cost benefit of IBS. Thus, this paper will provide a review of studies on waste generation between conventional and IBS construction method.

Construction waste defined as any substances or materials which generated as a result of industrial work. It can be clustered into two groups which is mineral and non-mineral component. The mineral component consisted of concrete, aggregates, bricks, blocks, scrap metal, tiles, soil and sand; whereas the Non-mineral component were timber and plywood, packaging products and plastic materials (Lachimpadi et al.,

In the term of reuse and recycle, the study indicated IBS has excellent performance among the conventional and mixed construction method in reuse and recycling activities which lower the amount of disposal to the landfill. Most of the solid waste consist of concrete, aggregate and soil. Cycle product of these materials can be reused in civil engineering work, landscaping or as a substitute for gravel in concrete product (Hansen, 1986). It helps overcome the serious issues of limited landfill in