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Goals:
This lab will investigate the correlation between increasing the coefficient of convective heat transfer and increasing the maximum current-carrying capacity of nichrome wire. The coefficient of convective heat transfer obtained from the previous lab will be employed. In addition, the experimental values will be compared to the computational and theoretical values.
Theory:
Whenever energy is transferred into a system, the system’s energy level increases. When the energy exceeds the functional capacity of the system, thermal failure may occur in various modes including but not limited to melting, fracturing or oxidation. Internal Joule heating is responsible for melting that occurs in electrically
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Q_conv=hA*(T_wire-T_∞ )
Where Qconv is the rate of heat transfer, Twire -T∞ denote the temperature difference between the wire and its surroundings, A, is surface area of the wire, and h is the coefficient of heat transfer (Armstrong p.5). The latter varies depending on the interaction between the surrounding air and the heated surface, and varies from 0.5 – 1000 W/m2K in air (forced and free).
Radiative Heat Transfer
The energy emitted, Eb, varies proportionately with the fourth power of temperature, T, of the radiator’s surface, as follows:
E_b = ∂T^4
Where: Ԑ is the emissivity of the material, which indicates how a material compares to a “blackbody”; ∂ = 5.67e-8W/m2K4= Stefan-Boltzmann constant. Thus, equation [8] can be rewritten as:
E_b = ԐT^4
The rate of radiative heat loss also varies proportionately with the surface area, A, of the radiating surface, and is expressed as follows:
Q_rad = Ԑ*Ϭ*A(T_wire-T_∞^4 )
Equation [11] below illustrates the final energy balance equation that describes the temperature of the wire a function of varied parameters. mc dT/dt=i^2 R- ∂ԐA_s (T_wire^4-T_∞^4 )-hA_s
Suppose you need to find the fractional European call and the fractional European put options. Let the Hurst parameter be $H=0.85$, the $\sigma=0,25$, $r=0.10$, $S_{fbm} = 100$, $K = 95$, we have \begin{eqnarray*} d_1^{fBm} & = & \frac{\ln{\frac{S}{K}} + \frac{1}{2}(r( T - t) + \frac{(1)\sigma^2{( T^{2H} - t^{2H})}}{2})}{\sigma{\sqrt{T^{2H} - t^{2H}}}}\\ & = & \frac{\ln(\frac{105}{100}) + (0.10(0.25 -0) + \frac{(1){0.25^2}{0.25^{2(0.85)} - (1)0.25^{2(0.85)}}}{2}}{(0.25){\sqrt{0.25^{2(0.85)} - 0}})} \end{eqnarray*} we obtain $d^{fBm}_1= 1.0558$. We find in the normal distribution that $N(1.0558)= 0.8544$ and $N(-1.0558) = 0.1456.$
Testing phase finds differences in positive/negative documents by the centroid obtained in training phase by ranking each of them. The simple way to estimate similarity between documents and centroid by summing weights of patterns which are in the documents. VII. Experimental Results To determine accurate measures of similarity or difference between documents you depict results by graph pattern and table pattern. The experimental setup consists of relevant documents that you termed as positive and negative documents .i.e
This reaction does not cause a rise in temperature. One other source is triboluminescence which is light produced from friction. Another source is electric discharge which is light produced when an electrical current passes through air or another, like neon, that produces a glow. Another source is light-emitting diode which is light produced when an electrical current passes through a semi-conductor which controls how well is conducts electricity.
Thermochemistry What is the specific heat of platinum if 1092 J of heat were released into a calorimeter when it was cooled by 65.2 C A 185 g sample of copper at 98.0 C was added to 102 g of water at 20.0 C in a calorimeter. The final temperature of the copper-water mixture was 31.2C. Calculate the specific heat of copper using this data. How much heat in kJ is required to raise the temperature of 250.0 g of Hg 52.0 C? the heat capacity of Hg is 0.14 J/gC.
1. A number of different items were measured in this lab. For each of the following items, what did you find most challenging in making the measurement and how did that challenge affect the accuracy of the measurement? a) Length of the table b) Height of your partner c) Thickness of your finger
It is being changed by a ball in a oven to make it hot or a ball in the freezer to make it cold. Temperature can be measured by
Discussion PV92 Gel Electrophoresis Results: Through the usage of gel electrophoresis the correct allele for each sample was able to be determined. Lanes one through three in the gel,were the positive control lanes they contained the PCR cocktail and a known high-quality template for the PCR reaction. First lane contained the sample with the +/+ allele, which had two copies of the ALU repeat allele. The first lane had a band at about 941 base pairs.
Elijah Brycth B. Jarlos IX-Argon 1. Multicellularity is a condition of an organism to have multicellular cells. An example of a organism who has multicellular cells are plants, animals, and humans. The main reason of why scientists have a hard time finding a good set of existing organisms to compare. Is neither the first set of organisms which is being compared is dying as fast as the second specimen is being examined or they just can’t find the right species.
• Write down the highlighted numbers. Do you observe a pattern? • Does the pattern grow? What is the reason for this? • Write down the last number (say 53).
The observed emission data for the different elements did not look how they were supposed to. However the “peaks” for Hydrogen were found to be 534.52 and 631.24, 534.70 and 569.11 for Helium and 529.73 and 630.71 for Mercury. The Rydberg’s Constant found to 1.1x107 8.5x104 while the known constant is 10967758.34m-1. The percent error of 0.29% and the accuracy of this reading is 99.7. The slope and intercept of the linear regression line is -0.01 3.3x10-5 and 0.02x10-1 1.9x10-6 respectfully.
Ventilation of a person through various activities Camila Gonzalez. This lab was made with the aim of proof that making different activities can alternate the ventilation rate, also is to see the variation of work our respiration system makes. We can see the different things and situations that can affect the normal process of ventilation and respiration, like the weather and the clothes that were limitations for doing this experiment because first the weather was so hot, so the person get tired early and began to ventilate faster and second the clothes wasn't appropriate for making the activities, because they also make weight and makes that the person get more tired. We use more than one person to make a comparison of the ventilation
Discussion Week one- During the first week of this experiment we used a Spectronic 20 to measure the light absorbance and the percent of light transmitted. A Spectronic 20 is a machine that measures the amount of light that passes through the solution (Lewiston, 2014). For week one the goal of the experiment was to find the analytical for KMnO4.
INTRODUCTION: In this experiment I was testing for antimicrobial sensitivity of Staphylococcus epidermidis by using the Kirby-Bauer Diffusion test. The three antibiotics utilized in this lab were: gentamicin, novobiocin, and penicillin. I determined the effectiveness of the antibiotic by observing and measuring the zone of inhibition for each antibiotic.
Heat stress is a condition in which the increase in core body temperature overwhelms the body’s homeostatic thermoregulation abilities, thus producing and absorbing more heat than the body could dissipate [1]. This results in a wide spectrum of heat-related illnesses, ranging from minor conditions such as heat cramps and heat exhaustion to the more severe condition known as heat stroke. Heat stroke is defined as a core body temperature of beyond 40.60C, commonly associated with the dysfunction of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the failure of multiple organ systems, which may ultimately result in disability or death. [2] Heat stress can be categorized into two different entities: classical and exertional. Classical or environmental heat
Introduction This project used four different exothermic reactions to boil one litre of water, in doing this the reactions’ economic and environmental friendliness were tested and compared. The following exothermic reactions were tested: the combustion of charcoal, the combustion of wood, the combustion of propane gas and the combustion of hydrogen gas. It is important to note that we did as much as possible to carry out all the experiments fairly, however we faced a few difficulties and were not able to complete the hydrogen combustion experiment due to a lack of equipment and a safe environment in which to carry out the experiment. However we can be sure of the outcome (had we continued with the experiment) due to research and the help of Brendon Duke (the Business