ipl-logo

Black Cotton Soil Essay

1394 Words6 Pages

1.1 General
The construction of road on the black cotton soil is always problematic because of its erratic behavior of swelling and shrinking. When black cotton soil comes in contact with water it swells and volume of the soil increases and when water content decreases shrinkage occurs in the soil. This behavior of the black cotton soil is mainly due to the presence of montmorillonite mineral in it. This alternate swelling and shrinkage causes large amount of change in the volume of the soil and results in damaging the structure. Alternate swelling and shrinkage also causes differential settlement, which is very dangerous. It has been estimated that the damage of civil structures are in billion dollars worldwide due to such problematic soils. …show more content…

This type of soil is used to grow cotton. These are residual deposits from trap or basalt rocks. This type of soil is typically of Deccan trap region spread over northwest, Deccan plateau and is made of lava floors. It covers the plateaus of Maharashtra ,Saurashtra , Malwa , Madhya Pradesh ,Chhattisgarh and extended in South-East direction along Godavari and Krishna valleys. This soil contains essentially clay minerals as montmorillonite. This soil covers an extensive area of 300,000 km2 which is about 10% of the area of India.

3. Laterite Soil :
Laterite soil is formed from chemical decomposition of rocks. Laterite Soil cover an area of 100000 km2 and extended over Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra , Odisha & West Bengal. Laterite soil mainly contain iron oxide which gives it characteristic pink or red color. This soil is found in Chennai, Eastern and Southern India. This is residual soil, formed from basalt and have high specific gravity. Laterite soil is mostly composed as calcite depositions.

4. Marine Deposits:
This soil is found in narrow belt near the South-West coast of India. This soil has low shearing strength and high compressibility. The marine clay is very soft and may contain organic

Show More
Related

  • Hell's Half Acre: A Case Study

    722 Words  | 3 Pages

    The rocks do not show signs of heavy weathering. There is some white staining visible, but there is very little red or brown staining. The rocks have abundant vesicles. There is a mix of rocks with varying sizes and numbers of vesicles. Samples collected were representative of this mix.

    Read More

  • Idaho Springs Formation Report

    1102 Words  | 5 Pages

    Hematite, quartz, and clay are the mineral in rocks. It was deposited in beach from environment. The event recorded here is a transgression of sea level (intercontinental seaway). Benton Shale Formation was our next stop. Its 90 million years old.

    Read More

  • Kingsley Plantation Research Paper

    514 Words  | 3 Pages

    In 1814, during Florida 's plantation period, a man named Zephaniah Kingsley moved to Fort George Island where he began purchasing many acres of land for plantations. He had owned plantations in White Oak, Laurel Grove, San Jose, Twelve Mile Swamp, and Drayton Island. Owning over 32,000 acres of this east Florida area, it was later renamed the Kingsley Plantation where he had a work force of over 60 slaves. Kingsley was a wealthy planter and slave owner who fought for fair treatment of free blacks and slaves and for this reason the Kingsley Plantation is saved as symbol of freedom and changing land. Despite his efforts, he failed at minimizing their harsh treatment and eventually left Florida to settle in Haiti with his wife and three sons in the 1830 's.

    Read More

  • Cordell Formation

    1484 Words  | 6 Pages

    The minerals were not obvious in hand sample so further mineralogical analysis would likely be needed to recognize the accessory minerals. The Cordell unit is difficult to distinguish in the field from the lower Engadine unit, the Rockview, due to the high degree of dolomitization and recrystallization. However, unlike the Rockview, the Cordell member is more thinly bedded and fossiliferous and lacks algal mats. The bottom of the Rockview dolostones appear to weather to a lighter color than that of the exposed Cordell and is considered

    Read More

  • Factors Influencing Cotton Production From 1800 To 1860

    557 Words  | 3 Pages

    There were factors that influenced the cotton production from 1800 through 1860. The factors that influence the increased production of cotton was the demand, resources, and technology. First of all, one factor that influenced the increased production of cotton was the demand. First off, during the War of 1812, people had to make their own goods because the British blocked America’s trading ships from going in and out of the country (299-300). Americans were not able to import goods from or export goods to foreign countries.

    Read More

  • Review Of River Of Dark Dreams: Slavery And Empire In The Cotton Kingdom By Walter Johnson

    779 Words  | 4 Pages

    The study of slavery in the southern half of the United States prior to the Civil War examines the institution in a capitalistic sense, choosing to see the punishment of slaves as unlikely due to the paternalistic relationship that allegedly existed between slaves and their masters. Recently, historiographical texts, such as River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom by Walter Johnson, have taken up the mantle of disproving this. In his introduction, Johnson describes the institution of slavery as such: "The Cotton Kingdom was built out of sun, water, and soil; animal energy, human labor, and mother wit; grain, flesh, and cotton; pain, hunger, and fatigue; blood, milk, semen, and shit." In regards to the title of his book, Johnson asserts that the importance of slavery in terms of economic history did not lie with Massachusetts, but along the Mississippi River, additionally dismantling prior historiography surrounding slavery. Serving as the major thesis of his book, Johnson convincingly and ambitiously argues that slaves labored, resisted, and reproduced in the Mississippi Valley Region, and it was the response by southerners to material limitations, such as land degradation, in this region that slaveholders increasingly projected their power onto

    Read More

  • African Burial Ground Essay

    478 Words  | 2 Pages

    In May of 1991, a three hundred year silence was shattered with the discovery of the African Burial Ground in lower Manhattan. Widely acknowledged as one of the most significant American archeological finds of the twentieth century. Prior to the 1991 discovery, plans to erect a 34-story, $276-million federal building required that a cultural resource survey, including archeological field-testing, be completed. Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 and the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, such research is required on any project using public funds that may have the potential to impact historic resources. During the last days of the excavation, the archaeological team discovered a missing chapter of New York history¿the

    Read More

  • Manchester State Park Case Study

    511 Words  | 3 Pages

    The poorly sorted nature of the conglomerates, considered with the inclusion of wood fragments in the older conglomerate members and the graded sandstones and mudstones throughout the formation suggest deposition occurred through successions of debris flows. Presence of volcanics in the lithic fragments further indicate volcanic activity in the process of sedimentation as well—as debris flows associated with lahars are the likely source of the slope failures. Deposition environment was moderate to deep marine, as mudstone deposits require low energy depositional environment, but the style of sedimentation indicate deposition was not on a continental shelf. This is further supported by inclusion of the large overturned clast from an older member within the formation. Cross-bedding, graded bedding, and scouring surfaces provide 3 lines of evidence establishing the northern contact of the formation as the original upward oriented surface.

    Read More

  • Forty Acres Scholarship Essay

    499 Words  | 2 Pages

    Every freshman who enters a college campus next fall dreams of one thing: changing the world. Whether it be through ground-breaking research, amazing internships or access to accomplished alumni, every student wants to use their education to create change within their field and the world around them. And the Forty Acres Scholars Program does exactly that. By being a Forty Acres Scholar, I can grow, engage and ultimately change the world.

    Read More

  • Brimbank Park Analysis

    1894 Words  | 8 Pages

    Since the location was near to the Maribyrnong River, the procedure must be further stimulated by the existence of the river in the ecosystem, and this is happening from the further upstream. As for the downstream, it carried by the sediment that deposited at the riverbanks of the Maribyrnong River. Weathering and erosion of the primary rock in the early stage were leading to the deposition of sediment, and the younger sediment progressively replaced the older sediment which along the riverbank (Figure 2.3). Further away from the Maribyrnong river a little bit where the river flow was gradually rapid, some Marine deposits from the Ordovician Period was found such as mudstone, interbedded shale and greywacke, which may

    Read More

  • Radish Plant Experiment

    924 Words  | 4 Pages

    Based on these results, it is hypothesized that if the amount of topsoil increases by 25% then plant growth increases because topsoil contains essential nutrients required for proper plant

    Read More

  • Arsenic And Old Lace Essay

    590 Words  | 3 Pages

    The mood created by the mise en scene in Arsenic and Old Lace is haunting. The mood of this is created through the graveyard scene in the window and the low, shady lighting of the candles and lamp. This mood is made in contrast to the comedic aspects of the play, emphasizing the play being a dark comedy. The major themes throughout this play are right vs. wrong, death, and family relations. The theme of right vs. wrong is made through Abby and Martha in their belief that they are “saving” the men through putting them out of their miseries as lonely old men.

    Read More

  • Deforestation In Tropical Rainforests

    911 Words  | 4 Pages

    Flash floods may cause loss of lives and properties. Soil erosion will leads to loss of minerals for the land. The land cannot be used for

    Read More

  • Essay On Causes Of Flood In Malaysia

    991 Words  | 4 Pages

    2.8.2 Urbanization Urbanization led many areas becomes more modernized. Lowland areas have been reclaimed by taking land from the hills. There are also small rivers that filled up to be used as a building site. Activities such as these are a common factor of flooding. In the past, creeks and valleys turned into water flow, now the area has been covered with soil.

    Read More

  • Essay On Road Construction

    2638 Words  | 11 Pages

    An introduction to highway building: Although there are many methods to constructing a road, all are based on the principle that geographical objects are removed and replaced with harder and more wear-resistant materials. The pre-existing rock and earth is removed by digging or explosions. Tunnels, embankments and bridge are then added when necessary. The material that the road is being constructed from is then laid by various pieces of equipment, which will be looked at in greater detail in this assignment. The construction management of roads has become increasingly more difficult as larger structures are constantly being required in increasingly short amounts of time.

    Read More

More about Black Cotton Soil Essay

Open Document