Could a Terrorist Use a Version of the Doctrine of Double Effect to Justify Their Violent Acts? For it to be possible for a terrorist to use the Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE) to justify their violent acts, they would have to explain that the bad effects of their actions were not directly intended, but merely foreseen as inevitable side effects. If they could prove that the bad effects were not their main goal, or the means to reach their main goal, then it is possible that the DDE would deem their acts permissible. For their acts to be permitted by the DDE, they would have to explain how their actions met the four required conditions of the DDE, which are: 1. the nature-of-the-act condition, the means-end condition, the right-intention condition,
The Golden Rule? In response to recent belief-based terrorism, the conservative Southern States finally removed Confederate flags, that symbolize white supremacy, slavery and seceding from the United States. A white man acted on his Confederate beliefs and shot and killed 9 African Americans in a Bible study. Other supporters of the Confederate flag burned a half-dozen African American churches.
One thing stated by the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing is that there is a variation between doing and allowing. It is morally wrong to do a harm rather than allowing a harm to happen. She speaks of two types of duties: positive and negative. She speaks of negative duties or rights, “when thinking of the obligation to refrain from such things as killing or robbing” (380). Foot explains that a negative right is a right which is not to be harmed.
Evans argues that all possible violations of the Anti-Trust Act could be divided into one of two categories: contracts in restraints of trade, and restrictions on competition. By dividing potential cases into these groups and applying different means of measurement, Evans claims one can discern more accurately which side of the legal line each case falls. Evans surmises that, in the case of contracts in restraint of trade, “applying the common law test of reasonableness” (Evans pg. 72) stands as the best means of measuring a contract’s legal validity. This changes when considering restraints on competition, in which Evans claims the “test of extent” (Evans, pg. 72) to be the most accurate means of testing legality. Evans defends his hypothesis by applying this procedure to all the Supreme Court cases between 1890 and 1910.
Newton’s third law of motion states “every force there is an equal and opposite force or reaction.” (Merriam-Webster, 2017). It works the same way when we react to any type of violence to protect our country. We demand as a citizen to be safe on the streets in our country. Racial and or ethnic profiling by law enforcement personnel is sometimes justifiable and necessary.
Ross came up with a list of seven basic prima facie duties as they apply to individuals. These duties included a duty to (1) reparation, (2) fidelity, (3) gratitude, (4) justice, (5) beneficence, (6) self-improvement, and (7) nonmaleficence. Tom Regan’s Rights Theory stems around the idea that every person has four basic, semi-universal rights: (1) the right not to be harmed, (2) the right to aid when their rights have been violated, (3) the right to self-defense, and (4) the liberty right. In this paper I will also discuss Tom Regan’s worse off principle.
The principle claims that an act is morally acceptable if, and only if, its maxim is universalizability (163). A maxim states one's actions and the motivation behind the action (163). "Universalizability is determined following a three-part test. First the maxim needs to be formulated clearly. Next it needs to fit in a world in where everyone supports and acts on the maxim.
In our project we will be analyzing the media’s rhetoric of the “war on terror” and the word terrorism. We will also be examining how this rhetoric forms our perception of the word terrorist. Our goals are to explore different aspects in the rhetoric surrounding terrorism and their effects on the viewer 's perception. We will focus on three different topics and each group member will be tasked with mastering one. The first topic will focus on the use of the term terrorist in reference to select individuals.
In the Ethical Life, by Russ Shafer-Landau, chapters written by Michael Walzer and Alan Dershowitz express their knowledge and opinions on the topics of terrorism and torture. Is it possible to justify and defend such acts? In the chapter “Terrorism: A Critique of Excuses”, author Michael Walzer shuts down four excuses that attempt to justify terrorism. In the chapter, “Should the Ticking Bomb Terrorist Be Tortured?”, Alan Dershowitz defends his theory that it is necessary to torture a terrorist if that means saving the lives of innocent people while protecting their civil liberties and human rights at the same time. Terrorism can never be moral because it violates all “excuses” and torture is an acceptable tactic to save lives.
For example, the Doctrine of Double Effect would say it is wrong to administer sedatives to a very ill patient cancer patient to end their life even though they are suffering and don’t want to live. On the other hand, it’s okay to give the patient sedatives for the purpose of relieving pain knowing it might kill them because if the death of the patient occurs as a foreseen side effect, it is not morally wrong. The doctrine of double effect cares more about the doctor’s intentions, but doesn’t seem to have any regard for the patients will, informed consent, and severity of their suffering, which are important personal variables to take into account. What would the doctrine of double effect say if after giving the painkillers to the patient he or she says I want to die wouldn’t that automatically make you guilty if the patient ends up dying? Can one still argue they are not intending to help one die?
This essay disagrees with the statement ‘Terror, and terror alone, explains Saddam Hussein’s success in holding on to power’ and will argue that it was actually a combination of factors, including: his development of infrastructure and the economy; his indoctrination and cult of personality and his use of terror and force. Although, some may argue that terror was not at all responsible and in fact he held on to power because of the good work he did for the country. Others may argue that his use of terror was the only reason why he held on to power because people were afraid to go against his beliefs. However, evidence suggests that his use of terror was not wholly responsible and in fact, it was due to a combination of reasons; as civilians
(Hampshire, 2000, p.17, p.27). All humans are subject to the same moral restrictions and that only one conception of the good is finally acceptable. Fairness and justice in procedures are only virtues that can reasonably be considered as setting norms to be universally respected. Institutions are set for just procedures of conflict resolution and they are formed by recognized customs and habits which harden into specific rules of procedure within the various institutions. Fairness in advocacy is different from fairness in adjudication.
The act must be morally good, indifferent, or neutral. 2. The good effect must be intended. The bad effect can be foreseen, but not intended and must be proportional to the intended good effect. 3.
Terrorists may also act with intention to confuse or coercively justify their groundless wants. 3. According to oxforddictionaries.com (2014), terrorism is the unofficial
As the law have definite rules and abstracts, the application of such rules and structure can be ineffectively applied which requires the ultimate result to reach. In addition, such structures are difficult to be applied in every situation and thus, it is important to understand the situation and the means of structure where it can provide the complete solution to the problem. It also involves the articulation of complex facts which are also tricky to understand. Advantages – it provides the understanding to view the person as an active agent and also promotes the idea of self-responsibility. The humanistic approach also enables the professional to work on the subjective experiences of an individual.
What happens in a terrorist attack affects many people in the world. The aftermath of an attack is what has the largest impact on people’s lives. However, terrorism does not have the same effect on everyone. The threat is not taken as seriously by some people. Some might think that it is an empty threat, but others might think it is a serious threat.