The motive behind her deeds has deep roots in the susceptibilities of the society she lives in. There is a tangible social tension and an innate inequality, which sweepingly grows into sexism, racism, and other -ism based discrimination. What is even more problematic is that such issues are left unspoken - there is no open discussion about their rightness and the consequences of spreading rumours or isolating the women from the social and political life. That is why it is safe to assume that one of the reasons Abigail Williams falsely accuses so many people without showing any signs of guilt or remorse is her outspoken resentment towards Salem and its residents. Since the beginning of the play she has been notorious because of the village rumors about her provocative and quite manipulative behavior.
On the contrary, Hester’s character portrays individualism, rebellious and brave although she had to go through hard times. Later we have found that even society has admiration towards Hester. Additionally, Hester’s courage can be seen when she was brought to Scaffold to condemn her punishment for adultery where she was asked to confess the name of her lover. She does not confess even when she was being mocked and made to wear the Scarlet letter “A” which marks of an adulterous. She stands boldly, though she felt devastating inside.
The women in the crowd are talking about how Hester deserves a worse punishment. The Scarlet Letter is the A on Hester’s bosom to tell the public she is an adulterer, bringing her judgement and guilt everyday. “-was that SCARLET LETTER, so fantastically embroidered and illuminate upon her bosom. It had the effect of a spell, taking her out of the ordinary relations with humanity, and enclosing her in a sphere by herself.” (Hawthorne 51). This means that Hester’s Scarlet Letter is made beautifully but it makes her isolated from the townspeople.
Emerson 's essay on friendship is one of the most remembered and highly respected essays dating back to the 19th century. The information given in the essay is extremely valuable and has helped to explain the universal truth that is friendship. Emerson 's essay on friendship is his way of delineating the paths of coherence. These paths fall into two distinct kinds. The first is the consistent enunciation of a view which is the master-tone that Emerson uses from essay to essay while the second is the internal linkage of the views in the essay.
Therefore, the idea of women throughout history has always been negative. As a result of their dark history, women have always been degraded and pushed to the side by men. What Cixous meant by the title of her essay is that women should let out the laughs that men have suppressed for so long, the laughs that have been silenced due to patriarchal ideology. Cixous’s intention is to liberate those who are not in favor, those who are marginalized and overlooked, those placed under the category of
The characteristics of the modern criminal justice, such as due process of law and punishments proportionate to the crime, are precedents of early classical features of egalitarianism, the rejection of individualised punishment, the concept of proportionality, the social contract, utilitarianism, the concept of free will, certainty and swiftness of punishment, and the causes of crime. Although these classical features laid the foundations for much of the criminal justice system and concept of criminology in the modern day, the classical doctrine has been subjected to various criticisms. Classicism is associated with the works of Cesare Beccaria (1738–1794), the father of the classical school of criminology and Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) (Walklate, 2007). Brown, Esbensen and Geis (2012) highlights that, as classicists intended to reform the system
“Was that Scarlet Letter, so fantastically embroidered and illuminated upon her bosom.”(Hawthorne 51). Because Puritans were so against Hester’s sin, they made her wear an “A” on her chest that stands for adultery. The townspeople wanted everyone who sees her know what she did so that she would be humiliated by it for the rest of her life. Hester was basically rejected by the town, and was scorned by the people everyday. The “A” made people overlook who she really was.
Adultery, being a sin forbidden expressly in the seventh holy commandment, was a crime that was regarded with great shame from the community, as well as the disapproval from God. It was a transgression that not only betrayed the faith of a spouse, but one that demonstrated the priority of an individual (the sinner) over another. Proctor, in his weakness, betrayed his faithfulness to his wife Elizabeth and indulged in an affair with Abigail. Proctor notified Abigail that he will not falter again, telling her “Abby, I may think of you softly from time to time. But I will cut off my hand before I‘ll ever reach for you again.
The punishments for sin of men and women, however, fluctuate over the course of the story. Although the town views Hester’s sin, adultery, as horrible and they punish her for life, they don 't equally punish the man who acted with her, ask or consider the whole story, and praise how Dimmesdale’s been acting, without knowing he’s also guilty of the sin. When Hester is outed for the sin she committed, adultery, the townspeople reacted very poorly. They see her action as the end of the world and punish her for the rest of her life, but they didn’t even ask or consider why she did it in the first place. To a member of the Vigilance Committee, Hester 's outward submission to the strictures of Puritan law might well appear a shameful knuckling under, the kind of failure of
Character-contrasts work well. He is able to delve deep into the unconscious levels of community thinking and brings a lot of objectivity and balance to his analysis of the problems that bedevil us. (Sharma) Angeli Multani’s tribute to Dattani’s craft for using the language of his characters is noteworthy. To quote, “Looking at the history of Indian drama in English, Mahesh Dattani stands out as perhaps the one of very few (if not the only),and certainly, one of the most commercially successful Indian English playwrights” (Multani 12). Dattani’s theatrical art is characterized by a fine combination of ‘feeling and form’.