In this week’s chapter, the book presented a detailed explanation on what it means to be a critical thinker, and the steps it takes to make educated decisions. I have learned that thinking things through is not the same as thinking critically. A critical thinker incorporates multiple perspectives and evaluates motives and outcomes in order to form a stance and make a decision. Within each argument, there is an issue, reasons, and conclusion behind the outcome. A critical thinker will not be able to make a factual, thought out decision without each of these steps. Chapter 1 also went into detail with the value of each component of an argument. The first component is the issue. The issue of an argument is the question or subject that is being …show more content…
The reasons provide evidence and facts to direct the issue to an outcome. Without reasons, the “issue” is merely a statement, or an idea. There are steps to find the reasons in an issue. First, one must find the stance, and then following will be a “because…” statement. This trick also works with other indicator words such as thus, therefore, and so. Any evidence or explanation with proof is considered reasoning. The last component before an issue can be finished with a decision is a conclusion. Conclusions are the stance on the issue. These are based off of the reasoning. Critical thinkers take in all the reasoning and have to weigh the facts, their own personal input, and any other premises in order to make an educated and thought out decision.
Critical thinkers also have to be introspective. It is important to recognize the human form, which is just that: we are only human. Everyone has limitations, and no one can have knowledge on everything. It is important to constant strive to learn and grow, which includes listening to counter arguments. It is also imperative as a critical thinker to think critically about where the information is coming from. Writers, marketing, and television shows are usually attempting to sway decisions or give a stance; as a critical thinker, it is important to step back and look at the idea as a whole, not as a one sided
Refutation is where you discredit and destroy your opponent’s argument. The last step is a conclusion, which should restate your best points and if necessary, get a little emotional. Heinrichs also gives us five canons to be used in a speech or presentation, created by Edward Everrett who delivered the real Gettysburg address. The First canon, invention requires materials to be dug up for the speech. This section uses just about all the logical techniques learned in the book.
From the Preface to the final chapter Heinrichs is pushing across the development of a strong argument from the offensive side to the defensive side of the table. As Heinrichs is teaching he uses his own knowledge of the art through the three persuasive proofs of Aristotle. In the Preface of the novel Heinrich reels you in with the use of the three proofs, “ few people can say that John Quincy Adams changed their lives….”(Preface) Heinrich brought us in by t5he use of logos of something that probably did not happen to us. Beginning with the offense, Heinrichs begins with three basic steps stimulating, changing, and doing the final product.
Reasoning is one of the Brockton High School Literacy Objects. Within this pillar, the student should be able to explain a concept or the logic of an argument, to break down ideas, and support claims. There were many activities done throughout the class to advance one’s reasoning skills. One activity that helped me, personally, was the beauty visual. There were no restrictions for this project; and we could put as much or as little as we wanted on the poster.
Phuong Pham Prof. Amrine English 1B 5 Oct 2015 Logical Fallacies of Inherit The Wind Critical thinking can help people think more clearly and deeply about a problem.
Allowing children to learn to think critically helps them to solve problems and have a logical argument about something they believe is true. Applying critical thinking into schools gives a child a chance to make a difference. Also, Elizabeth McKinstry agrees with Hummell in challenging the next generation to think for themselves. McKinstry writes about how Common Core education helps children become more interactive in the world and teaches them how to apply the knowledge they have learned in life. McKinstry said, "Their reality is not connected to a world outside the boundaries in which they live" (McKinstry 20).
King has provided his opinion about education is building character. Dr. King uses his words to create an audience awareness to think for yourself isn’t the same as you may call it critical thinking. Against the common assumption that colleges should teach their students “critical reasoning,” Dr. King argues that critical thinking alone is insufficient and even dangerous. Teaching one to think critically is no small task. Most students learn by constructing knowledge based on an engaged learning process rather than by absorbing knowledge from passive sources.
The article pointed to the several researches defining critical thinking skills. If I was taught 20 years ago what I know now. I am sure I would have been more prepared with the knowledge and skills of framing my mind to the critical thinking skills. Putting the skills and knowledge and applying them to my younger life. The article describes critical thinking as many different observations of one’s worldview.
Having a critical mind makes one wiser and more tact about what he or she states. Through philosophical analysis, our critical thinking skills are improved because it teaches us to consider certain things first, before finally coming up to a decision or before we continue to converse with
Reasoning basically means questioning that why did a particular situation take place? And was there a way to avoid it? If not, then why so? Reasoning ultimately leads the person to the answer all of his questions and thus increases his knowledge. When historians are figuring out history, reasoning plays a huge roll.
The relationship between critical thinking and ethics Critical thinking is a way of thinking it is the process of analyzing, applying, and evaluating information with problem solving abilities. Critical thinking greatly improves a person’s thinking. This is the process that will determine whether the outcome of a problem is right or wrong. The critical thinking process is the mindset to make effective decisions based upon verified and truthful information. The steps to critical thinking are remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating and creating.
In my experience, what Martin Luther King Jr. calls “thinking intensively and critically” is very different from what my high school teachers called “critical thinking”, most especially by the way Dr. King links intelligence and learning to the development of character, that is, growth as a person. Too often in my past, teachers mentioned critical thinking only as a mental activity of seeing through stereotypes, evaluating both sides of issues and understanding and accepting differences. As worthwhile as these are, I have found that high level thinking without having a more enlightened character is simply inadequate. That was a recent, very positive experience with two very nice people of different faiths. As much as we had been taught in class about prejudice, the recent terrorists attacks across the world bred a good deal of ill-will in
As Homo sapiens, we pride ourselves on the fact that we can construct coherent thought and form sound analysis through piecing together clear identifiable building blocks in a process known as reason. It is an instinctual process and we define it as the key feature that separates us from other species. Reason is the method or rather tool used to think in a distinct and organized way in order to achieve knowledge and understanding. Its importance and significance is in its method and the end toward which it is used defines the validity of the method. Reason is the method that allows us to determine how to gather information and what kind of information we need.
References Van Gelder,T.( 2004) “Teaching Critical thinking: Lessons from cognitive
Critical thinking begins from the element of though all the reason
This essay is going to discuss the inquiry based approach to learning, and why it is a useful learning tool that promotes discovery, critical thinking and engaging in investigative techniques that allow learners to find solutions, sum up opinions give constructive feedback and gain insight into why an event happened. I will reflect on my participation from this, and what I learned that has compelled me to study towards becoming a social worker. Inquiry based learning [IBL] is a fact-finding process through which by curiosity displayed by a learner or a group it entices them to search for answers about the topic. Additionally, in a classroom environment, the teacher may ask an open-ended question that fascinates the class to want to look for