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Cross-Country Analysis Of Civil Society

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Cross-Country Analysis of Civil Society between Turkey and Indonesia
Turkey Civil Society
Civil society refers to a social context that is determined by structures, processes and institutions which, in turn, stem from the voluntary, private actions of individual citizens. Hence, civil society connotes the lack of intrusion of the state or centralised national power in the affairs of private citizens. It is the autonomous, consenting and self-initiated actions of each individual that determine the gist of the matter that constitutes civil society. The overall emphasis of such a definition is on the free will, local decisionmaking and social contract undisturbed by the state. Seligman refers to Daniel Bell to define civil society as emphasising …show more content…

Associability occurs in an environment of interpersonal trust and social tolerance of dissent. Consequently, we should expect to find ample evidence not only of associability but also interpersonal trust and social tolerance of dissent in consolidated civil societies. Similarly, we should be able to observe a vigorous associational life. In consolidated civil societies not only do we observe a myriad of voluntary associations but also a high level of membership in such organisations. The extent to which associability and associational membership exist, and the extent to which interpersonal trust and social tolerance of dissent are internalised by the population, should provide a measure of the existence and quality of civil society. In what follows in this section, I will primarily examine the variety and the number of voluntary associations in Turkey and, secondly, consider the relationship between associability, on the one hand, and interpersonal trust and social tolerance of …show more content…

Although such movements achieve remarkable media attention and publicity, it is doubtful that they have any significant impact on political decisions– or that they get any of their demands met by the political authorities.34 Recent surveys indicate that a vast majority of the voting-age population in Turkey believes that protest behaviour is the least effective means of influencing political decisions.35 Not surprisingly, then, protest movements, campaigns of civil disobedience and advocacy activities seem to elicit little mass support. The political authorities tend to view them with utter suspicion, as potential acts of conspiracy to undermine the Republican political system; and the security forces give no quarter to advocacy associations that challenge the political establishment. However, clashes between such associations and the security forces receive wide coverage in the national and international media, and thus contribute to an image of state-civil society relations marked by ill-will, distrust and a lack of

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