Cross-sectional and the longitudinal studies are studies in which researcher do not control the environment in order to record information. Cross-sectional study contrast different population at a snapshot or solitary point in time.This is like a drawing that fits perfectly in the frame. The advantage of this kind of study is that it allows researchers to study different variables at the same time. Cross-sectional studies occasionally supply precise information about cause-and-effect relationships. This is because the study only offer a snapshot at a solitary point in time. However, longitudinal study, researchers conduct a lot observations of the identical subject over an interval of time occasionally lasting many years. A benefit of longitudinal study is that the researcher is not able to uncover maturation or make or become a …show more content…
longitudinal studies a person want to study a sequence of event then they would go with this one. Cross-sectional studies would be used in general because it done more quickly than longitudinal studies,but the most reliable would be longitudinal studies because of its broad study with sequence of events.Longitudinal studies strengths are extending time which is a benefit. Also, this study separates real trends from chance occurrence. Another strength is Useful for charting growth and development..Some weakness of Longitudinal studies is it too time consuming. Also this study cost to much.Another weakness is Control effects repeated interviewing of the same sample influences their behaviour. Some strengths of cross-sectional study is cheap to administer, and it is quick to conduct. Another, strengths of cross-sectional study is Charts aggregated pattern. Some weakness of cross-sectional study is do not permit analysis of causal relationships. Also, Unable to chart individual variations in development or changes, and their significance. Another, weakness of cross-sectional study is Unable to chart changing social processes over
1. What rationale do the author(s) give for conducting the study? The author that is conducting this research is testing the obedience of a subject when dealing with “stocking a victim” by use of a shock generator. There are thirty levels of shock that are generated varying from a slight shock to a severe shock.
From this, other problems branch out such as economic disorganization and the lack
The study was longitudinal so that efficient data would be acquired. Thirty-five
Homogenous groups are another factor that deterred researchers to deem this method
I will choose observational retrospective cohort design for my study. My research question was to identify the association between socioeconomic, biopsychosocial, environmental and genetic factors, and the development of childhood asthma. To establish the effect of allergen (cockroaches, dust), poverty, poor air ventilation in a house, racial factors and air pollution on developing children asthma, a cohort have to have a exposure and the cohort need to followed over time. Cohort studies are used to study the incidence, causes, natural history of a disease and prognosis.1 Because they measure events in the chronological order, they can be used to distinguish between cause and effect.1 This type of study is the best method for determining the incidence and natural history of a disease or condition.1 One of the advantages of doing retrospective cohort study is that the data already collected for some other research study or purposes. The cohort is “followed up” retrospectively.1
How you will investigate it: I will investigate it by doing qualitative, longitudinal study and in-depth interviews. • By doing longitudinal study it will give me the access of having communication with the foster children and parents for a longer
In addition, using longitudinal studies follows the young person’s life through a 3-10 months’ time frame and allows the researcher to experience their participation in the care system. For
This essay will outline the similarities and differences between two studies, which tried to explain how authorianism is characterised and how it developes. An authoritarian personality can be defined by obedience to authorities, following rules and deprecative behaviour towards people beeing contrasting to oneself. First it will compare the backgrounds of the studies, next it will focus the methods used. Third it will analyze the findings and conclusions of the two studies and last it will examine the limitations of them.
1. The principles of strength based practice include the recognition of the strengths that exist in every individual, group, family, and community. It involves reframing the commonly adopted practice of noticing deficits within those entities and altering the way we conceptualize challenges, recognizing that however difficult they appear they also present opportunities for change. The individuals’ viewpoints and aspirations need to be accounted for and respected. They greatly benefit from collaborative relationships as well.
The three descriptive research methods that I will discuss are Naturalistic Observation, Survey, and Case Study. Naturalistic Observation is a research method in which people or animals are observed in their natural habitat without any controls or variables. This type of research method may be conducted if you want to see how people truly act without being watched. For example, this research method may be used to determine who are healthier shoppers, men or women? The researcher would go to a food store and take count throughout the day of how many men and women he finds in the fruit and vegetable isles, and how many he find in the snack isles.
What is Evidence-based practice? Evidence-based practice is an all-around systematic approach to patient care that was built up on research and proven treatment results within nursing in order to increase the patient outcomes. Evidence based practice is define as “the integration of current evidences and practices to make decisions about patient care”. (Medical Surgical Nursing, 2018). Evidence-based practice not only includes the best proven research for practicing patient-centered care, but also merges the patient’s preferences and values into consideration.
According to Graziano and Raulin (2007) there are two types of survey designs: Cross-sectional design is a survey which is conducted one time to a sample, resulting data on the measured features as they present at the point of the survey and Longitudinal survey designs is a survey which can be repeated to the same subjects at different times. In a cross-sectional survey, research may be equated to a snapshot of the phenomenon of concern and data are collected at one point in time from a sample selected to describe an approximately greater population (Saris & Gallhofer, 2007). Such a survey can be used not only for the purpose of description, but also for determination of the relationship between variables at the time of the study (Babbie, 2010). In a longitudinal survey, data are collected from the same sample at several different times, with the main purpose being to study changes in the elements over time (McGivern, 2006).
I used the thematic analysis to identify those themes emerged from the six selected articles and showed in (table 7). Thematic analysis is a simple, flexible and widely-used qualitative data analysis method. It can help me to generalize and develop ideas via the detail prospecting of the analysis and synthesis of the literature (Noblit & Hare 1988; Paterson et al. 2001; Walsh & Downe 2005; Bondas & Hall 2007; Finlayson & Dixon 2008; Rice 2008). According to Braun and Clarke (2006) - six phase of thematic analysis, I familiarised with the data first, including transcribing data, reading and rereading the data, noting down initial ideas.
It is commonly agreed upon to apply all methods complementary in order to gain the benefits and advantages of all methods while avoiding the disadvantages (George & Bennett, 2005: 34). There is no golden rule of how to apply the different methods and it would depend on each research. But possible scenarios could be to use a statistical analysis in order to identify relationships between variables. Followed by a case study that can provide other why those variables relate (George & Bennett, 2005: 34; Sekhon, 2004: 281). It is entirely possible to conduct an analysis the other way around.
Interdisciplinary research involves integrating knowledge and methods from different disciplines, using a synthesis of approaches (Repko et al., 2017). Basically, in interdisciplinary research, incorporating perspectives from multiple disciplines allows people to construct a more comprehensive understanding of a problem being addressed (Repko et al., 2017). There are both advantages and disadvantages to interdisciplinary research. The main advantage is that interdisciplinary research both draws from and integrates the different backgrounds and perspectives of multiple disciplines and then combines them into a single functioning unit, which allows for a more comprehensive understanding of a problem (Repko et al., 2017). Interdisciplinary research fosters greater critical thinking, synthesizes multiple disciplines, and develops life-long learning skills (Jones, 2010).