1. Describe the disease process with presenting signs and symptoms.
Cervical cancer develops when abnormal cells on the cervix start growing out of control. The location of the cervix is in the lower portion of the uterus that opens into the vagina. Cervical cancer is found through a Pap smeat test and can be effectively treated if found in it’s early stages. Cervical cancer begins as a neoplastic change in the cervical epithelium and ultimately involves the full thickness of the epithelium. An aggressive tumor forms in a cauliflower shape, with a fragile texture and a hard, nodular edge.
Cervical cancer has no distinguishing or distinctive symptoms. Bleeding, which begins as a blood tinge discharge and progresses to spotting and frank bleeding, is the only significant sign. Other possible indicators include lengthy menstrual periods or an increase in number of periods, and
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Women who have an affected first- degree relative have twice the risk of developing a cervical tumor compared to women who have a nonbiologic first degree relative with a cervical tumor. Genetic predisposition accounts for fewer than 1% of cervical cancers.
Cervical cancer usually occur in midlife and is most frequently diagnosed in women between the ages of 35 and 44. It seldomly develops in women younger than 20. It is important for many older women understand that the risk of developing cervical cancer is still present as they age. Women over the age of 65 represent for more than 15% of cases of cervical cancer. However, cervical cancer rarely occur in women who have been getting regular pap test and HPV for cervical cancer before they were 65 (CDC, 2017).
The following factors may raise a woman's risk of developing cervical cancer:
• Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
• Immune system
During Mrs. Lacks' treatments, multiple samples were taken from her cervix without her knowledge. These samples were given to Dr. George Otto Gey, a physician and cancer researcher at Johns Hopkins. The collection of cells was nothing new to Dr. Gey, in fact he regularly collected cells for research from all
Cervical carcinomas are divided into two types. The two types are invasive carcinomas which penetrate the surface of the cervix, and noninvasive carcinomas which do not penetrate the surface of the cervix. The noninvasive type is mostly called “ sugar-icing carcinoma,” because it grows in a smooth layered sheet across the surface of the cervix, but the official name for it is carcinoma in situ. On February 5, 1951 after Jones got Henrietta's report back from the lab, and told her the cancer was malignant. Then she just went right on with her day as normal.
It’s common sense, a strange lump is always a bad sign. Although this particular lump was unique, even to the examining doctor Howard Jones. He described it as “shiny and purple like grape jello”. (Henrietta Lacks, p. 36) That “knot” Henrietta felt inside her was Epidermoid Carcinoma of the cervix and it was at stage
T cells are produced to attack the antigens of tumors and B cells are produced to make antibodies that are specific to the antigens of a tumor. An older individual’s immune system could react at a slower
Task 2 Degenerative Diseases - Alzheimer’s - There are seven risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease and they include: - Age: After 65 the risk will increase, symptoms can start developing as early as their 30s for people with rare genetic changes. - Family history and genetics: If one of your parents has Alzheimer’s, you will become more at risk of developing it also and this can also be from your sibling also. - Sex: Even though women live longer than men, they may be more at risk of developing this disease than men. - Mild cognitive impairment: People with MCI are more at risk but it is not certain that they can develop dementia later in their life.
What Cancer Took From Her “I spent five years of my life being treated for cancer, but since then I’ve spent fifteen years being treated for nothing other than looking different from everyone else.” (186). Lucy was diagnosed with cancer at the age of five and it changed her from the day she was diagnosed until the day she finally stopped caring about what people thought of her. She always worried more about what her face looked like more than the fact she had cancer. She struggled for such a long time until she finally accepted herself.
Whether its breast cancer, testicular cancer, cervical cancer, leukemia, etc. there are many types of cancer that can come up and kill you whenever it wants to. Cancer is also known to be a side effect of consuming too much fluoride, and where can fluoride be found in bulk? Our very own water supply and it’s all thanks to our “fair and just”
Cancer rates, especially for Native Americans is high. Native American men have the highest rates, in the nation, for color, rectal, pancreas, and stomach cancers. Women are highest for
My interest in cytopathology sparked during my first month of pathology training when we were called for a parotid mass fine needle aspiration, it was a case of mammary analogue secretory carcinoma, seeing my attending describe the morphology of the cells to render that diagnosis, was not only inspiring but also exciting. Since that moment I waited eagerly for my first cytopathology rotation . I enjoyed every second of my cytology and FNA rotations where I was able to gain hands on experience performing FNAs, and I also realized how crucial is the patient interaction in this specialty for which my previous experience as a clinician gave me great advantage. Cytopathology is an extremely challenging field that pushes a diagnostician to integrate the clinical, morphologic and immunophenotypic features of each disease to reach the correct diagnosis.
The cervix is one of the least common sites in genitourinary tract. We report a case of Cervical Rhabdomyosarcoma who was misdiagnosed as Vaginal RMS and was started on chemotherapy. We had to do an emergency excision of the mass,when she developed excessive bleeding per vaginum. Keywords Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcomas,Cervical Rhabdomyosarcomas, Background Rhabdomyosarcomas are malignant skeletal muscle tumors and account for about 50% of soft tissue sarcomas in children. The Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group divided it into three major histologic subtypes: Embryonal(ERMS), alveolar, and undifferentiated.
Plus 0.35% of children get cancer and is always being overlooked. Childhood cancer research is vastly and consistently underfunded. Childhood cancer is the leading cause of death by disease in children under the age of 15 in the U.S.One in 285 children in the U.S. will be diagnosed with cancer by the time they are 20 years old. Every year, an estimated 250,000+ new cases of cancer affect children under the age of 20 worldwide. Two-thirds of
The genes that correspond with this cancer are the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes (American Cancer Society, 2015). When these two genes receive a
INTRODUCTION The worldwide rate of cervical cancer has come down to two-fifth of what it was 50 years ago, mainly due to effective Pap smear screening1. However, 75% of the new cases are reported to occur in the developing countries, mainly due to ineffective screening programmes or lack of awareness. It is the most common neoplasm among Indian women and accounts for 20–50% of all cancers in India and 80–85% of female genital cancers in India2. India has significant socio-demographic risk factors and unhealthy clinical findings for cervical carcinoma.
The risk for childhood cancer from prenatal radiation exposure is shown in Table 2. For estimation purposes, the lifetime cancer incidence risk for exposure at age 10 years also is shown in Table 2 Estimated Lifetime‡ Cancer Incidence The other risk the neonate facing is the proliferation of the cell is being disturbed. Cell proliferation is the one of the most fundamental, highly organized and complex biological process (Hughes, 2003).