Cultural Differences Between Germany And China
Culture is, in other words, deeply rooted in an individual and directs their mindset as well as actions.
This leads to the conclusion that, in order to analyse the meaning of intercultural compe-tences during an expatriation assignment, the cultures of Germany and China have to be considered first. Differences have to be found, evaluated and their effects on leadership during an expatriation in China considered.
3.2 Hofstede’s and Hall’s cultural basic assumptions
In the past decades numerous scientists tried to define intercultural differences to facilitate the dealing with members of another cultural environment. Two of the most well-known studies are the ones from Geert Hofstede and Edward T. Hall, on which the following analysis of cultural differences between Germany and China will be based.
Geert Hofstede conducted a study with employees of the multinational company Interna-tional Business Machines (IBM), which compared work-related differences in the national cultures of more than 50 participating countries. The study defined four dimensions of culture, namely power distance, collectivism versus individualism, femininity versus mas-culinity, and uncertainty avoidance. Later on, Hofstede identified a fifth dimension of cul-ture with a Chinese Value Survey: long-term versus short-term orientation.
Power distance is defined as “the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organizations within country expect and accept that power is
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