Most nations can be identified with a particular culture; this is evidently important. A country establishes a culture which allows other individuals to understand the background on a country like Iran. Within the bearings of certain cultures, individuals can face dilemmas. In addition, these dilemmas can turn into social differences within a society. In the country of Iran Marjane Satrapi encountered many social discrepancies in her youth.
The time and place that all the protagonists live in define the circumstances that they have live. The setting of a novel limits a character to certain parameters in which the storyline unfolds. All the novel’s settings impact the storyline. The Book Thief is set in Nazi Germany. The protagonist, Liesel Meminger, is introduced when on a train on her way to move into her new foster home in Munich.
It is prevalent in individualist cultures, for instance, as in the United States, where individuals are recognised as self-dependent. As children grow up in Western culture, they determine the behaviour of other people by their personal characteristics ( Rholes et al, 1990; Ross, 1981). When interpreting individuals behaviour, in the west they undervalue the influence of the situation and consider the individual’s traits and attitudes (Jellison & Green, 1981). People in Eastern Asian cultures give more attention and priority to the situations; it is a highly collectivist culture in which people point out to the situational factors over the individual and they are not prone to fundamental attribution error. They hardly accept that others behaviour relies on their personality and characteristics ( Choi et al, 1999; Farwell & Weiner, 2000; Masuda & Kitayama,
For example, people who lives in Africa or places where hunting is the only way to get the source of food, they will most likely to be athletic and good runners. In Japan, for example, because they are surrounded by the ocean where they can easily gain access to fresh ingredients from the sea and their food culture is mostly associated with seafood. While putting that into application, we can deduce that our behaviour is somewhat influenced by the external factor, culture. The Ik, themselves will not categorised the act of throwing a child out at three years old as inhumane, since within their cultural boundary anyone cannot take good care of themselves can be considered as a burden, a hazard to survival. The most important thing in their life would be food.
Arab culture is the commonality between Lewis, Barakat, and Hassib. Lewis talks about culture as a singular concept, stable and definable across an entire group. Barakat identifies culture as a defining factor in the perspectives of all Arab individuals. While each of these perspectives has a veracity, they also neglect to acknowledge the multiplicity of Arab identities and result in blindness to individuality that we can see in Rajia Hassib’s In the Language of Miracles. The Arab World : Society, Culture, and State by Halim Isber Barakat discusses the history of the Arab nation including colonization which created structural separation resulting in a diverse economic situation.
The figure below will give a visualization that can give an idea of how the different element of culture can be observed. They way people think, do and make, however, are mutable and changes over time. Therefore, in order to survive, members of an organization adapt themselves, learn a new form of culture, let go of the past form of culture that is no longer conform to the environment, applied it in the society and pass down the new form of culture to the new generation of its
From my childhood, parents taught me to respect the elderly in the family and older relatives, especially grandparents, parents, older siblings and to be grateful to parents for the gift of birth, rearing and education. Being children in the family, parents’ wishes are duties that such our brothers will fulfill in the future. We are always expected to think of family first and do things not only for our sake but also for the family honor, harmony and welfare as well. Therefore, naturally, family is always considered the most valuable thing in our subconscious, we are supposed to love, care and company my parents for their old ages. In my view, these values have partly written up the fine tradition of Vietnamese nation and they are also absolutely suitable for ethical values from thousands ancient times of our ancestors.
Children of African American heritage are typically believed to be polite, kind, well behaved and respectful to both family members and community members. Such respect can be seen through children referring to adults by their formal titles of Mr., Mrs. and Ms. And although debated through the community, many African American’s believe that children should be disciplined when not obedient through “acceptance, warmth and mild-punishment” (Goode, Jones, Jackson 165), such as spanking. These beliefs are important to highlight when working with children and families of the African American community because while some centers, schools, coworkers and so forth may ban spanking, it may be accepted in their family as a form of discipline and while others may hold different beliefs, and while we may politely suggest other types of discipline such as positive and negative reinforcement, we need to respect their way of discipline. Furthermore, obedience and respect being so appreciated in the community needs to be taken notice of as well because while I may not mind if a child calls me Ryan, or Mr. Ryan, this may be seen as disrespectful in the parent’s eyes thus I should be knowledgeable of their beliefs and customs and practice with the children following those
In America, Diamond said, a "cult of youth" and emphasis on the virtues of independence, individualism and self-reliance also make life hard on older people as they inevitably lose some of these traits. Western culture strongly encourages children to think independently. This way of upbringing means that the young tends to not value elders’ views, thus, they may begin to treat them with derision. In contrast, Asian cultures teach the young about respecting the elderly. However, in the recent times, these values of respect are being eroded.
As Lustig & Koester (2010) note, individualistic cultures “believe that people are only supposed to take care of themselves and perhaps their immediate families.” (p. 117). Conversely, members of collectivist cultures “require an absolute loyalty to the group, though the relevant group might be as varied as the nuclear family, the extended family,…” (Lustig & Koester, 2010, p. 117). Also, Lustig & Koester (2010) mention that each group is “expected to look out for and take care of its individual members.”. Charlotte has just been to a Japanese temple and was exposed to the culture but this cultural experience has not evoked any feeling in her. She attempts to call her best back in the US to explain and express her loneliness in new country and her not-going-well relationship with her husband but her friend has no time for her.