Pictures of Buddha Amitabha and the Pure Land were created as well. (Andrews 1991, 185) Shandao made the Pure Land doctrines and practices more systematic. 2.5 Development after Tang Dynasty In Tang Dynasty, the spread of Pure Land Buddhism was affected by political environment. For the people who supported the monastic tradition, they tried to combine Pure Land into Chan Buddhism’s teaching. One of the supporters Chuhung (1535-1615) once mentioned that there were no big differences between the Buddhists teaching because they were all based on Chan Buddhism.
Ilokano, Kapampangan and Tagalog are the widely used language in the northern Philippines while Cebuano in the southern part. These languages are the lingua franca—the language that is used among people who speak various different languages. All over the archipelago, Filipino is considered the national lingua franca. This means despite the having different language spoken a group of people from different ethno-linguistic groups can communication with each other with
The Malays are the largest group in Malaysia making up almost about 61.9 % of the population. In Malaysia, the term Malay refers to a person whose predecessors are Malays, rehearses Malay traditions and speaks the Malay dialect. With the most indigenous people groups they shape a gathering called Bumiputera, which interprets as "son of the soil". The Malays are known for their gentle mannerism and rich legacy. Impacts from numerous parts of the world, for example, India, China, the Arabian Peninsula and the West have been basic in molding the current Malay culture and identity.
At this level, we can find all the unique characteristics of Singlish. These features, as previously mentioned, come from other Asian languages such as Chinese, Malay, or Tamil. Pidgin: As Gupta (1992) says, this level is the best example of Singlish before it solidified. Speakers at the pidgin level speak another language as their mother tongue. Code-switching happens often between the acrolect and the mesolect, depending on the situation.
Elderly monks were deployed to make magic shirts for military purposes. Besides, Lon Nol received military advice from Buddhist holy man, who promised supernatural solutions for the Civil War. Those tasks were mostly performed by elder traditional monks. Third, the regime used Buddhist traditions for their own gain. During the Civil War, the traditional pursuits of monks were not forbidden, suppressed or impeded by the regime in any way.
Which are men who follow the way of life the most. They are the ones who keep with the teachings of Buddha and are responsible for the preservation, transmission, and dissemination of salvation. Buddhism practices in Thailand are characterized as a revolutionary force with universalist teachings that are subordinate to nationalist ideology. As well as a type of rationalist teachings that have a vast amount of support towards progressive and democratic ideas. When Thai Buddhism was captured by the state and created establish Buddhism through the creation of the church all latent radicalized Buddhism was neutralized.
Though, The main majority of the peoples are Burman or Bamar but they has diverse of languages in Myanmar that can affect to cultural identity of minority groups. Myanmar established from an ethnically diverse nation with 135 distinct ethnic groups officially recognized by the Burmese government. These are grouped into 8 majors national ethnic races including Kachin, Kayah ,Kayin, Chin, Mon, Bamar,Rakhine,Shan. Most peoples of Myanmar are primarily identify with their ethnicity and each ethnic has their own languages including cultural. I think language is the component part of cultural because it send from generation to generation.
Multilingualism, in this paper, refers to the ability to converse and write in two or more languages. Chinese in Singapore Chinese is the dominant ethnic group in Singapore making up of 74% of the resident population. The official mother tongue for the Chinese is Mandarin. Most of
Besides the commonalities, each linguistic structure of a language has its own characteristics.”(Wang Dechun, 1997:1) every language has its own features which distinguish itself from others. The distinguishing feature is manifested not only in the fact that a construction in one language may be different from another, but also in that the same construction occurs in different languages with different frequencies. English and Chinese are two relatively developed languages in the world, but they belong to two different language family: since English belongs to the Indo-European family and Chinese belongs to the Sino-Tibetan family respectively, many differences do exist. Contrastive study comes to grips with the kind of similarities and differences between two languages and thus provides an alternative way for the two languages’ learners. It is also an effective approach in foreign language learning and teaching because we can predict and describe the patterns that will cause difficulties in learning, and those that will not cause difficulties, by comparing systematically the language and culture to be learned with the native language and culture of the
1.0 Introduction According to Wikipedia(2015), the indigenous languages of Malaysia belong to the Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian families. The national, or official, language is Malay which is the mother tongue of the majority Malay ethnic group. The main ethnic groups within Malaysia comprise the Malays, Chinese and Indians, with many other ethnic groups represented in smaller numbers, each with its own languages. The largest native languages spoken in East Malaysia are the Iban, Dusunic, and the Kadazan languages. In our country, English is widely understood in service and business related industries.