Cumnox Synthesis Lab Report

10- Transfer the ester layer to a small dry test tube and dry the ester with anhydrous CaCl2 and stir for 10 min. 11- put it in a preweighed dry round bottom flask . 14- Determine the yield, refractive index, and % yield of ester. Conditions :- 1) This reaction is catalyzed by acid, Like Fischer esterification. 2) Usage of water in step (5):So that after Estrification is completed , any excess unreacted acetic anhydride is hydrolyzed.

In the round-bottom flask (100 mL), we placed p-aminobenzoic acid (1.2 g) and ethanol (12 mL). We swirled the mixture until the solid dissolved completely. We used Pasteur pipet to add concentrated sulfuric acid (1.0 mL) to the flask. We added boiling stone and assembled the reflux. Then, we did reflux for 75 minutes.

Then, water was added dropwise during the mixing process. The above solution converts of colorless to yellow suspension solution which produced TiO2 nanopowder by drying process at 85°C in anstove for 15 hours. Finally, TiO2 nanopowder obtained were treated in furnace at different temperatures (400°C-800°C) for 2 hours. The initial heating rate was maintained at 5 °C/min. 2.3.

The cooling curve was determined by recording the temperature at regular time intervals (every fifteen seconds) as the cyclohexane cooled, until the temperature became constant. The cyclohexane was stirred continuously. The FP tube was then removed from the ice and the cyclohexane melted. The cooling of the cyclohexane was then repeated twice and the mean of the three values was taken as the freezing point. ~0.1g of benzoic acid was accurately weighed and added to the cyclohexane and stirred vigorously until it had dissolved.

 Dissolve the salt in 60 ml of tap water. Add 30 ml 6 M Hcl and stir the mixture with a glass rod.  Add 12 g solid Nacl to the solution and stir the mixture for about 2 minutes.  Support a 250 ml separatory funnel on a ring, making sure that the stopcock is closed and that a clean beaker is placed beneath the exit tube. Transfer the aqueous solution from the beaker to the separatory funnel.

Ensure that solid is completely dissolved using a stirring rod. Next, a 10 mL beaker is filled with 3 mL of HCl and measure 10 mL of ionized water into a 140 mL beaker. Carefully turn on laboratory burner and start cleaning the Nichrome wire by dipping it into concentrated HCl acid. Hold the Nichrome wire on top of the flame and repeat the step until the wire doesn 't show any color. When the wire is clean, dip the wire again with some of the acid and dip it into the solution with the unknown compound in it.

Ashley Wilson 5 March 2018 General Chemistry Lab – Section 202 Experiment 7- Copper cycle Purpose: A series of reactions that convert a piece of copper metal, via several different copper- containing compounds, back into its original elemental form will be observed. Copper wire was dissolved in nitric acid. NaOH was then added to the dissolved copper solution, precipitating into Cu(OH)2. The precipitate was then placed on a hot plate and stirred until it became CuO. After sitting , the CuO was decanted twice, and H2SO4 was added.

A spin vane was added and a water-jacked condenser was attached. Isopentyl nitrite (0.06ml, 0.045 mmol) was dissolved in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (0.50 ml) in a 3-ml conical vial and caped to prevent loss by evaporation. Running the reaction. The mixture in the 5-ml conical vial containing the tetraphenylcyclopentadienone and anthranilic acid was heated on an aluminum block to 140° C. Once the mixture started to boil the prepared mixture of isopentyl nitrite was added to the 5-ml conical vial through the top of the condenser using a pasture pipette. The solution continued to boil for 25 more minutes until a

This beaker was heated in a hot water bath until the solid dissolved in the solution and was cooled in an ice water bath for 15 minutes. Crystals were gathered via vacuum filtration and the stir bar was removed. The mass of the final product was 0.52g and 57.33 % recovery, with a melting point of 166.5-170.6

The designed olibanum gum capped AuNPs are highly stable, and have shown effective catalyst in the reduction of 4-NP to 4-AP and electron transfer reaction between K3[Fe(CN)6] and NaBH4. The detailed kinetic features of catalytic reaction was evaluated by changing the reaction conditions. It is also observed that as the catalyst amount increases the reaction temperature, the rate of the reaction increases and reaction time