This study was delimited to the identification of the determination of phytochemicals specifically the plant secondary metabolized and antioxidant activity of custard apple (Annona squamosa) fruit extracts.
Phytochemical analysis was delimited to the qualitative rather than to the quantitative screening. Only the presence or absence of the plant secondary metabolize is taken into consideration.
The antioxidant property was conducted by the analyst at the Industrial Technology Development Institute, Standards And Testing Division, Gen. Santos Ave., Bicutan, Taguig, Metro Manila 1631
Only the custard apple fruit and ethyl alcohol as the extracting solvent were used in this study. Fresh custard apple fruit extract was submitted to the Industrial Technology Development Institute, Standards And Testing Division, Gen. Santos Ave., Bicutan, Taguig, Metro Manila 1631 for the antioxidant activity and phytochemical Analysis.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES
The following reviews of literature and studies aided the researches in the conceptualization of this study.
ANTIOXIDANTS
Antioxidants are the substances that may protect your cells against the effects of free radicals. Another constant threat comes from nasty chemicals called free radicals.
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The most familiar ones are vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotenoids and other related carotenoids, along with the minerals selenium and manganese. They’re joined by glutathione, coenzyme Q10, lipoic acid, flavonoids, phenols, polyphenols, phytoestrogens, and many more.
Antioxidant is really a chemical property, namely, the ability to act as an electron donor. Some substances that act as antioxidants in one situation may be prooxidants, electron grabbers in a different chemical milieu. Antioxidants are not interchangeable. Each one has unique chemical behaviors and biological properties.
In our experiment, we are trying to identify the types of dyes used in M&M’s versus skittles using chromatography. Chromatography is a group of techniques used to separate the various components in a complex mixture or solution. Chromatography was invented by a Russian botanist named Mikhail Tsvet. He used column chromatography to study plant pigments, but it became clearer that this technique can be used to separate many complex homogeneous mixtures. In every chromatography structure there is basically a mobile phase and a stationary phase.
Imagine moving away from home, changing schools, and having a family that won’t even give attention when needed. Paul goes through all of this, and he is left to make decisions that will change his life forever. Three choices Paul goes through are, changing schools, tattling on Tangerine Middle School soccer players, and informing the police about Arthur and Erik’s wrong doings. In the novel, Tangerine by Edward Bloor, Paul moves from Houston Texas to Tangerine Florida, and the first five months are filled with decisions and chaos. The choices made by Paul, and the consequences of those choices, affect the development of his character.
I think that these properties were not tested because it would have taken much longer to check the mass, and boiling point. Testing for the scent of each of the powders may haven’t been much of a help as they probably all smell very similar. Also, we don’t have a stove top in the science classroom so checking the boiling point would be difficult. Another reason as to why that we didn’t check mass is because it would have been difficult to get the exact same amount of each substance for the measurements would be accurate. Finally, all those physical properties would result in quantitative measurements and we didn’t include any other quantitative measurements in this
Introduction This chapter provides a background of nurse burnout and their effect on quality of care and patients outcomes. It also includes a description of the purpose, research questions ,hypotheses and significance to conduct this study in Jordan along and the definition of the study variables. Background Burnout is the term often used, and the concept of burnout has important attention in the area of nursing. Maslach, one of the first researchers to begin investigating burnout, described it as “a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who work with people in some capacity”
There are few vegetables and fruits that turns to the color brown if their surface is exposed to oxygen. Once the veggies or fruits been exposed to oxygen, then the browning begins to appear, and electrons and hydrogen will be removed. This happens because of an enzyme called catechol oxidase. The enzyme will act on its substrate catechol to form a yellow compound which then reacts with the oxygen in the air and change into benzoquinone. The more concentration of the enzyme, the more browning appears.
Leah Romero 10/30/2017 Conclusion Lab 3 Chem 102L In lab 3, fundamentals of chromatography, the purpose was to examine how components of mixtures can be separated by taking advantage of different in physical properties. A huge process in this lab was paper chromatography, which was used to isolate food dyes that are found in different drink mixes. The different chromatograms of FD&C dyes were compared to identify which dyes are present in each of the mixes.
Psychedelic drugs are a type of psychoactive drug which causes hallucinations and alters a person’s perceptions of reality. Some examples include LSD, ayahuasca, DXM, ecstasy, and LSD. It is most common for psychedelic drugs to be taken orally, but it is also possible for some of them to be taken via injections or snorted. These types of drugs have been used throughout history for a number of reasons. Along with being used for religious rituals, they have been used for medical purposes as well.
In recent research studies, the healing properties of oranges have been associated with a wide variety of phytonutrient compounds. these phytonutrients include citrus flavanones when it's combined with vitamin c the antioxidant properties are expected to be there but it's another molecule that makes the vitamin c stronges and it is the hesperidin molecule which has been singled out as the most important
The iodine test determines the presence of starch in biological materials. It is predicted that, if starch is not present, the solution with iodine remains yellow. However, if starch is present the solution with iodine becomes a blue-black colour. Plants have starch as the storage polysaccharide (glucose units held together by glycosidic bonds) while animals have the equivalent of glycogen. In this experiment, the dark blue colour is visible because of the helical amylose and amylopectin reacting with iodine (Travers et al., 2002).
A scale of zero to five was used to describe the reactions, with zero being no reaction at all, one being a slow reaction, and five being a very fast reaction. The materials used were a test tube rack, six test tubes, a test tube clamp, forceps, a graduated cylinder, four small pieces of liver, one piece of potato, one piece of hamburger meat, approximately forty milliliters of hydrogen peroxide in a forty milliliter beaker, a splint, and matches. An ice bath and boiling water was required for testing, where a hot plate was used to boil the water. Each test tube given a label, which were “cold”, “room”, “hot”, “warm”, “potato”, “meat”, and
Marijuana is a drug extracted from Cannabis Sativa (hemp plant). In other words, marijuana is also called cannabis, hemp, and herb; in slang terms it is called weed, hash, joint, blunt, Mary Jane, etc. Marijuana is known to be used for medical as well as recreational purposes. It is a drug which alters the mood of a person, induces calmness and is used by certain medical institutions as a form of pain reliever. It can be consumed by smoking, vaporizing or by mixing it in food items.
INTRODUCTION The Mediterranean diet can be defined as the combination of healthy habits practiced by the habitants of the countries bordering the Mediterranean sea, including Spain, Italy, Greece and the South of France. Each country takes a slightly different approach when practicing this diet, however, they all agree on two things: Its link to good health. Its main constituents: vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, beans, cereals, grains, fish, and unsaturated fats such as olive oil.
A comparative research study has give evident that cocoa have higher antioxidant activity than black tea, green tea, and red wine. iii. Antioxidants help to neutralize the oxygen-based free radicals that are present in the body. iv. Free radicals are associated with human disease, including cancer, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer 's disease, Parkinson 's disease and many others.
The University of Maryland Medical Center states that Herbal Therapy also called botanical medicine or phytomedicine, refers to using plant’s, seeds, berries, leaves, barks, or flowers for medicinal purposes. Herbalism has a long tradition of use outside conventional medicine. It is becoming more mainstream as improvements in analysis and quality control, along with advances in clinical research, show the value of herbal medicine in treating and preventing diseases. Herbal medicine is a natural, non-toxic way to treat many conditions of ill-health. It is holistic, meaning it treats the whole person, embracing all levels of an individual: physical, mental, emotional and spiritual.
Introduction Plants are a major necessity in the balance of nature, people’s lives, and our terrain. We may not realize it, but plants are the ultimate source of food for almost 95% of the world population so says the National Group of Food. It’s a fact that over 7,000 species of plants are being consumed today. Plants are one of the reasons that we get clean water; as they help regulate the water cycle.