Cyclohexane And Acetone Lab Report
Based on the results, it is determined that the cyclohexane and ethyl acetate produce a positive deviation and chloroform and acetone create a negative deviation together. The cyclohexane and the ethyl acetate were unable to form any intermolecular bonds with each other, which created the low boiling points and the low azeotrope. The two compounds would rather stay in a pure status than be mixed together. The chloroform and the acetone created hydrogen bonding with each other, which increased the intermolecular forces. This caused the mixture to have high boiling points than the two pure liquids by themselves and create a high azeotrope. Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into fractions differing in boiling points. Figure 7 gives an example of the fractional distillation on an ideal solution. …show more content…
In the figure, if you boil a liquid at a2, vapor from a2 on the vapour composition line. This condenses to give a liquid of that same composition at a3. This pattern of condensing vapour and obtaining liquid of the same composition repeats until the pure liquid is obtained from each compound. The chloroform and acetone were able to undergo fractional distillation to be separated from each other, which is shown on Figure 4. For the cyclohexane and the ethyl acetate, the presence of the low azeotrope prevents the components of the mixture from being separated by fractional distillation, which can be seen in Figure 8. Figure 8: The graph shows the phase diagram of cyclohexane-ethyl acetate mixture. The arrows lead to the minimum boiling
3-Heptanone Lab Report
979 Words | 4 PagesThis aqueous solution was then heated until all the dichloromethane evaporated off. An error could have occurred at this point in the experiment if the hot plate was too hot. If the hot plate was set above the boiling point of the ketone, the ketone could have evaporated of along with the dichloromethane. This would result in a lower percent yield of the ketone. To prevent this from happening, the hot plate should not exceed 130˚C, so no matter what ketone was isolated, it would not evaporated off.
Separation Of Ramonas Lab Results
867 Words | 4 PagesSimilar to fraction 1, fraction 4 shared many of the same characteristics with water. Such as its (waters) boiling point being 100 degrees celsius, which was exactly the data the group collected with fraction 4. But you can also prove that fraction 4 was indeed water because of its solubility being .859g which is close to waters solubility, (1.00g). Another thing the shows that water was fraction 4 was the fact that sugar was also soluble in fraction 4 just like it is with water. With these three characteristics lined up together, it's easy to tell that water was also a substance in
Miniscale Fractional Unpacked Distillation Lab Report
1481 Words | 6 PagesThe Vigreux column has a larger surface area and creates more area for the distillate to condense back into the starting solution. Although the miniscale fractional unpacked distillation is relatively accurate compared to the simple miniscale distillation, the miniscale fractional packed still seems to be the most accurate out of the three. The air condenser in the miniscale fractional packed distillation allows for an extra-added surface area that allows for a greater amount of the liquid to distill separately. The miniscale simple distillation is the least accurate because there is no extra column such as the Vigreux column or the condenser that is added to increase the surface area so therefore any of the vaporized liquid can readily enter the water condenser and condense into the distillate. The 4th technique that was used is called the microscale simple distillation, which is used when there is a relatively small amount of liquid than that used for any of the miniscale techniques.
Ap Biology Chapter 2 Study Guide
1286 Words | 6 PagesFiltering, evaporating, centrifuging, and decanting something will only physically change it. Chromatography is used to separate different parts of a solution so that it can be identified. It can work because different substances have different attractions to things. Distillation can separate substances, such as salt water, as long as it has different boiling points. It can even be used to purify salt water but it is not cost efficient or energy efficient so it is not suitable for everyday use.
Dehydration Of 2-Methylcyclohexanol Lab Report
967 Words | 4 PagesThe dehydration of 2-methylcyclohexanol takes place at the bottom of the Hickman still. As the Hickman still heats up within the sand bath, the products evaporate and travel higher up in the still where they condense into a liquid and fall within the collection ring, thus separating the product from the remaining water. Drierite (CaSO4) is also added as a drying agent to absorb any leftover water within the product. The purity of the product will then be analyzed with infrared spectroscopy, paying attention to OH peak if it is present. Chemical Reactions: Data and Observations: Material Volume Mol.
How Does Acetone Melt The Ice Cube
314 Words | 2 PagesAcetone may melt the ice cube quickly because it is commonly used as a solvent. A solvent is a substance that has the ability to dissolve other substances. Acetone is also commonly used as an antiseptic, and is toxic in large quantities. Acetone naturally occurs in plants, and has a chemical formula of C3H6O. Acetone has many other names, such as 2-propanone, propanone, Dimethyl ketone, methyl ketone and, dimethyl formaldehyde and can also be found in vehicle exhaust. Acetone is a clear, flammable, volatile liquid that is used to make drugs, plastics and different fibers.
Separation Of A Mixture Lab Report
1119 Words | 5 PagesAbstract In this lab we separated a mixture to observe the methods of separating substances from one another using a series of techniques. In this lab we used magnetism, filtration, and evaporation to successfully separate the mixture into three separate components. Throughout the experiment we learned that mixtures are two or more substances combine and each substance retains its own properties and chemical identity.
9-Fluorenone Lab Report
382 Words | 2 PagesThe purpose of this experiment was to learn about metal hydride reduction reactions. Therefore, the sodium borohydride reduction of the ketone, 9-fluorenone was performed to yield the secondary alcohol, 9-fluorenol. Reduction of an organic molecule usually corresponds to decreasing its oxygen content or increasing its hydrogen content. In order to achieve such a chemical change, sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is used as a reducing agent. There are other metal hydrides used in the reduction of carbonyl groups such as lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4).
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Lab
1039 Words | 5 PagesThe data table provided below obtained melting point data for crude product, pure product, and mixture of the pure and 4-tert-butylbenzyl. 12. The TLC data obtained is provided in a table below. The TLC data was conducted solely in a 9:1 hexane/ethyl acetate solvent solution as opposed to the 1:1 and pure hexane solution as well. This was due to the lack of time, but as explained in number 7, a very polar solvent (1:1 solution) or non-polar solvent (pure hexane) is not ideal when obtaining
Physics Lab: Investigating Water In Water
917 Words | 4 PagesBottom Chamber liquid: Ethanol has a very low boiling point. When you heat the bottom chamber with your hand, the liquid molecules in the hand boiler increase in kinetic energy (increased temperature); the liquid expands. This rise in temperature causes the liquid to start to evaporate. Because there is some evaporation, but no condensation, the equilibrium is ruined in the hand boiler until the evaporated molecules lose kinetic energy and become liquid again (cool off). Bottom Chamber gas: When you apply heat to the bottom chamber, the gas increases in pressure because of the evaporated molecules.
Cyclohexane Research Paper
1148 Words | 5 PagesThe fractions in the fractional distillation such as N-hexane, isohexane, methyl cyclopentane have normal boiling point close to cyclohexane which makes the recovery of cyclohexane uneconomic and difficult. 2. Quantity of cyclohexane recovered is not enough to meet the current demand since the cyclohexane content of naphtha is about 5%- 15% by weight .3 Selection of Pathway to Cyclohexane (2) Hydrogenation of Benzene: C6H6 +3H2 →
Fractional Distillation
862 Words | 4 PagesSeparation of Liquids by Fractional Distillation and Analysis by Gas Chromatography Methods and Background This lab was exceptionally knowledgeable and important in order to understand how certain compounds can be separated based on their boiling points (Landrie, 43). This experiment in particular focuses on understanding the separation of 1:1 mixture of acetone and 1 propanol using the method of fractional distillation (Landrie, 43). In the previous experiment, we focused on understanding the same separation but in terms of simple distillation. If compared with the data shown below with the data in the previous experiment, overall, the fractional distillation showed better and more effective results (Landrie, 43). This experiment also provided better
Oil Distillation Lab Report
919 Words | 4 PagesRediet Legese iLab Week # 6 CRUDE OIL DISTILLATION Introduction: The aim of this week lab experiment is to experiment distill crude oil and to check how temperature determine the chemical properties of crude oil plus how the boiling point can also show physical properties. They are two major finding in this experiment. he first finding was the point at which the raw petroleum is heated to the point of boiling, at 275 0C, the gas and kerosene oil are refined, however the oil (lubricant ) stays as an unrefined feature oil.
Temperature Change Lab Report
718 Words | 3 PagesIn conclusion temperature change did affect one of the tubes in two very different ways whilst concentration also played a role in the change of the product and reactant. Le chatelier's principle states that through change in temperature, change in concentration and adding pressure you can create an equilibrium where there can be a forward reaction and a reverse reaction. By continuously adding and taking away heat and changing concentration we have created these reactions. When we took away the heat by putting it in the ice bath it would shift left while when we added heat to it would shift right. We saw this reaction take place as there was color change in tube 2 compared to tube 1.
Gas Chromatography In Alcoholic Beverages Lab Report
967 Words | 4 PagesThe components of the sample called solutes or analytes separate from one another based on their relative vapour. This chromatographic process is called elution.
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