Some Schiff base derivatives were tested as corrosion inhibitors for X52 Carbon steel in 0.5 M HCl using weight loss and electrochemical techniques. The results showed that the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing the concentration of the Schiff base derivatives. Polarization measurements showed that these derivatives act as mixed-type inhibitors. The adsorption of these inhibitors on the surface of Carbon steel follows Temkin’s adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the corrosion was investigated by some thermodynamic parameters were calculated.
Introduction
Acid solutions are widely used in industrial applications such as pickling, cleaning and rescaling [1]. During such applications corrosion inhibitors are needed to reduce the corrosion rates of metallic materials. Most of the efficient inhibitors are organic compounds contain oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms through which they can adsorbed on the metal surface [2]. Many Schiff base compounds have been reported in literature as corrosion inhibitors for steel [3–6], copper [7], aluminum [8, 9], and zinc [10]. Some research work [11, 12] stated that the inhibition efficiencies of Schiff bases are much greater than those of corresponding amines and aldehydes. It was postulated that this behavior may be due to the presence of
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The specimens were abraded with different grade emery papers, washed with distilled water, degreased with acetone, dried. The specimens were accurately weighted and were suspended by suitable glass hooks at the edge of the basin, and under the surface of the test solution by about 1 cm. Solution containing 0.5MHCl solution with and without various concentrations of Schiff base inhibitors. After 24 h exposure, the specimens were taken out rinsed thoroughly with distilled water, dried and weighted accurately. The weight loss (WL) in gm-2 h-1 was calculated using the following
Using two separate aseptic pipettes, 250 µl of LB broth were added to each micro test tube and mixed gently. Likewise, using two separate, aseptic pipettes for each tube, 100 µl of solution was added to the appropriate agar plate. After, using a new loop for each plate, the solution was spread gently across their surfaces. Lastly, the plates were stacked, taped together, and labelled before placing them upside down in an incubator set at 37°C
An alternative hypothesis was that there is a significant correlation between the amount of fruit flies collected with the 0.5 mg methyl eugenol and just the eugenol control. According to Table 3, the amount of fruit flies collect in the 0.50 mg of methyl eugenol was higher than that of the eugenol control (e.g. trap 1 had 39 flies in contrast to 50.0 in the control). After calculating the p values using the t-test, the data indicated that there was significant difference and the null hypothesis was rejected. A null hypothesis that was rejected indicated that the p-value was lower than 0.05 and the critical value (t-value) was above the indicated t-value. Although the p-value was higher than 0.05 with a value of 0.09, the critical value of 2.2 was above the value indicated by the degree of 4 which had a value of 2.132.
Unknown Lab Report Unknown # 25 By: Jenna Riordan March 19, 2018 Bio 2843 1. Introduction Microbiology is the study of microorganisms found in all different environments throughout Earth, from the hot thermal vents at the bottom of the ocean to the ice at the top of a mountain.
This signals that there are underlying or preemptive events that caused this type of
Summary: Chapter 2 Chapter two dives into the concept of learning. As mentioned in the previous chapter, learning is the study of changes in behavior produced by experience, so when studying learning it is vital to examine how events in the environment change an individual’s behavior. Many scientists consider learning to be a natural phenomenon, they make their case based on four assumptions. The first assumption being that natural phenomena’s do not just happen, but instead they are caused as the result of some other event. The second assumption is that causes precede effects.
In this experiment, the question that was asked was, are elephants afraid of mice? The hypothesis is if a mouse is placed near an elephant, then the elephant will be frightened. The experimenters traveled to an African safari to perform the experiment with their test subjects (an African elephant and a white mouse). They hid the mouse in elephant dung and rolled over the dung whenever elephants passed by. At first there was speculation that the elephants might have been startled by the moving dung.
Therefore, rather than blaming an individual, a natural occurrence can be proven by analyzing the attributes of the time and location,
Again, they are modeling their behavior off of a perception that may or may not exist. This all boils down to what Karl Popper termed a “testable hypothesis.” In his work, “Science as Falsification,” Popper attempts to distinguish when a theory is a true
What may have felt friendly to the observers may have felt overbearing to another patient, but without running a larger scale observation these findings would not come to
The investigation was carried out to identify the presence or absence of biological molecules in serum 2216. If the concentration in each test tube of the dilutions carried out will be more concentrated then the concentration of the test tube before it, then the color will be at an equal concentration with the other dilutions performed. The hypothesis was wrong because of the difference in concentrations due to the different measurements within the dilutions done. The test for starch was to add a drop of iodine solution to the pipette in the spotting tile. A reducing sugar solutions is add inside a test tube with 3 drops to then add 3 drops of benedicts and plane in a water bath.
We then obsevered the two slides for number of cells as well as for food vacuoles inside a cell using a microscope at times of 0,5,10,20, and 30 minutes. Results The following graphs show the results of this experiment. The tetrahymena sample that was introduced to concentrated tobacco had a lower cell/vacuole ratio than the tetrahymena sample that was not exposed to
The purpose of this experiment was to learn about metal hydride reduction reactions. Therefore, the sodium borohydride reduction of the ketone, 9-fluorenone was performed to yield the secondary alcohol, 9-fluorenol. Reduction of an organic molecule usually corresponds to decreasing its oxygen content or increasing its hydrogen content. In order to achieve such a chemical change, sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is used as a reducing agent. There are other metal hydrides used in the reduction of carbonyl groups such as lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4).
After a gram stain was done unknown #257 was identified as a gram positive organism because when observed under the microscope the organism appeared purple with cocci in clusters. The organism was also catalase positive which means that it produced enzyme catalase and bubbled when hydrogen peroxide was added to it. Three test were conducted based on the result of the gram staining procedure. Blood agar with a Novobiocin disk was chosen as well as DNase (DNA) and Mannitol Salts (MSA) agar. The Blood agar is a bright red, opaque plate and the streaking or the inoculation technique was a modified streaking for isolation with a heavy quadrant one.
For TLC profiling, 4 TLC plates were prepared for the testing of each solvent. As shown in Figure 1, the green food dye was placed at the bottom center, specifically 0.5 cm away from the bottom of the plate, with the use of a capillary tube. Each one of the silica plates were then vertically placed in a small beaker with its inside surrounded by a filter paper saturated with the solvent to be tested and a small amount of the same solvent at the bottom. The TLC plate was then taken out when the rising solvent was about to reach the top of plate. The ammonia: 1-butanol solvent was tested 7 times due to some personal
Cell viability assay: Introduction. Methods in Molecular Biology 740: 1-6. ThermoFisher Scientific. [Internet].