Hydro Cyclone Filter Essay

Extraction is the process of separating substance from one phase by another phase. It is often used as one of the steps in isolating a product of an organic reaction. A separatory funnel would be used for the isolation from the mixture. A solvent will be used to remove or isolate a compound of interest from a liquid substance. In most cases, water was used as the solvent to the reaction mixture to dissolve the inorganic compound.

Task 1 M1 Describe the scientific principles behind each of the three procedure above. Vacuum filtration is a procedure when a sold needs separating from a solvent to react the mixture. Then the mixture of a solid is measured through the filtration paper in a Buhner funnel. The liquid is drained through the funnel into the flask. Equipment • Filter paper • Buhner funnel • Tubing • Clean solvent • Disposable dropper Method 1.

There will be a stir that helps distribute the heat evenly all through the water. A temperature probe determines the amount of heat given off and converts it to joules. Components of a Bomb Calorimeter The main elements of a bomb calorimeter are: • Dewar or insulating jacket: is the body of the calorimeter which is made up of a doublewalled flask of metal with a vacuum between the two walls to prevent the transfer of heat.

In the secondary evaporator, the feed seawater 2 was heated up by the mixed steam from the steam ejector, where its temperature is raised from Tf to the evaporating temperature, Ts. The secondary steam from the secondary evaporator splits into two portions: the first part is condensed in the condenser, while the rest is entrained by the steam ejector, where it is compressed by primary steam to raise the pressure and temperature and then it is introduced into the secondary evaporator as the heat source and is completely condensed into liquid. A known mass of fresh water (Mp + Ms) is

Gas Chromatography Principle: A sample to be analysed is injected into the chromatography instrument. The sample solution enters a gas stream which transports the sample into a separation tube which is also known as the column. Various components in the sample solution separated inside the column. GC has principles similar to fractional distillation. Both processes separate mixture based on boiling point.

The extractors with the flasks will be placed on a heating mantle. Once the solvent boils the solvent vapor will travel up the distillation arm. When it condenses, it will drop on the solid substance contained in a thimble and extract the soluble compounds. When the liquid level fills the body of the extractor, it will automatically siphon into the flask. This process will continue repeatedly as the solvent in the flask is vaporized and condensed.

Dilution process: By incorporating inert substances (e.g. fillers) and additives that release inert gases, water or Carbon dioxide during decomposition, and dilute the fuel in the solid and gaseous phases so that the lower ignition limit of the gas mixture is not exceeded, e.g. aluminium hydroxide leaving water [26,13,20]. Fire retardation by Chemical action The most significant chemical reactions that interfere with the combustion process take place either in the solid and gaseous phases: Reaction in the gaseous

Used solvents contain contaminants that can be removed by fractional distillation. The recycled solvents have purities suitable for re-use. Fractional distillation is used to separate the crude oil into its various components such as gasoline, kerosene oil, diesel oil, paraffin wax, liberating oil. Fractional distillation is also used for the purification of water. Water contains many dissolved impurities; these can be removed by this process.

In turn, the caffeine dissolves into the DCM, which can be extracted later. After adding the DCM, the funnel must be rocked back and forth to mix the solvents. Since water and DCM have differing densities, they separate after being allowed to rest. DCM is denser than water. The “bubbles” that will form in the bottom of the funnel is an emulsion, which occurs when a liquid is dissolved in another liquid, in this case it is water and DCM.

In this experiment, Analysis of Gaseous Products, a comparison between the elimination reactions created in the presence of an acidic and basic conditions was observed to be further analyzed through gas-liquid chromatography. These conditions were achieved by acid-catalyzed dehydration of a secondary and primary alcohol and based-induced dehydration of a secondary and primary bromide. As a result of these changing eliminations, gas-liquid chromatography makes it possible to separate and isolate volatile organic compounds to analyze the stereochemistry and regiochemistry of these compounds without decomposing them. Overall, gas-liquid chromatography of these compounds in acidic or basic conditions contributed in the identification and analysis