Lao-Tzu (606-530 B.C.) is the Founder of Daoism and writer of the holy book “Tao Te Ching”. Daoism is the native organized religion of traditional China, which sometime known as “Taoism”. This philosophy is principally associated with the notion of “Dao” or “Way”, and encompasses ideas of naturalness and ease, nonaction and going along with the flow. The word Dao (also spelled Tao) originally meant road or way, Dao is the ineffable way of life, pattern of the world, source of all that is (and is not); from the one came the two (yin – yang shown in Figure 2) and from the two came, the 10,000 things (wan or “everything”). De is the power, potency, or “virtue” of Dao; reflected in action so excellent, balanced, and harmonious that it seems to
Dao in Confucianism represents the entire normative human order. The Dao in Daoism antedates Tian and acts as the basis of the natural order. While in Confucian Dao they hold the ideal political-social-ethical order ordained by tian for the people. Confucianism encourages their perfectibility through self-effort the teaching of ethics and good movement. The primacy of the Confucian Dao requires superior human beings, sages and men of virtue to exert their highest effort to actualized its ideal design. While the Daoist purpose as the pro creator of the cosmos and everything in it to recognize the universal importance of the human body, physical
Over the centuries, the abilities and the rights of women have been underestimated. During the fourteenth century, the condition and status of a woman depended on her husband and other men in the society. “During those days, women endured abuse, male dominance, and arranged marriages” (Meale, 2011). During these days, the status of the women depended solely on their husband’s position. Fleming confirms this position when he states, “Men have traditionally exercised power and
This controversial question to me is pretty equivocal. According to 1 Corinthians 11:6. Women should cover their heads when praying. I don’t believe that women should cover their heads, it’s not very significant to me, covering your head doesn’t make you anymore or any less holy or spiritual. The verse like many others shouldn’t be taken literally. And plus, those times were different, in today’s world scarves, or head coverings aren’t signs of submission or modesty, it’s simply a fashion statement. This verse is deeply entwined in Corinthian culture. Paul wrote this verse to the church in Corinth, because in that society, and that time period, women who didn’t cover their heads were construed as prostitutes.
Daoist philosophy places emphases on an instinctive awareness, supported by balanced contact with nature, and rejects everything that is not natural. The principles of the Daoist encouraged isolation from humanity for personal development in nature and attaining balance between yin and yang. Confucian philosophy seeks order and social stability. The philosophy states that junzi (superior person) who has ren (human heartedness), exemplifies the ideal social order sought. An individual could become a junzi by promoting certain qualities like understanding of suffering and a quest of morality and righteousness. Confucius and his disciple Mencius had an influence on Chinese thought and social practice. Chinese traditions of worshiping deceased ancestors and exceptional leaders inspired the growth of Confucianism as a philosophic custom and religion. Confucianism was established as the state’s official doctrine by Emperor Wu of the Han dynasty. However, both philosophies of Confucianism and Daoism believed that anyone can develop wisdom or skill, regardless of social status or birth.
While the simple notion of understanding the difference between sexes as a biological diversity, the other, more complicated understanding what is considered to be masculine or feminine has its roots in culture. There are many different definitions of what culuture is, but we perceive it as a particular way of life. Following what structuralists and post-structuralists call 'signifying practices', culture stands for texts and practices in the function of signifying, producing or to produce a meaning. (Storey, 1-2) Stuart Hall defined culture in more traditional way, as something that embodies the 'best that has been thought and said in a society'. “It is a sum of the great ideas, as represented in the classic works of literature, painting,
Doaism and Confucianism are the top two ancient styles of living in China, where they both originated in 550 B.C.E (before common era). I believe that Daoism and Confucianism are both the top religions/styles of living in Ancient China, while they have some similarities they are much more different than they are similar. Both are not only ways of living but, they are a way of life.
With the birth of their civilization, the ancient Chinese wanted to know what role human beings played within society and the universe as a whole? This question and many others help develop the “hundred schools” of ancient philosophy. In the beginning of Chinese civilization, they believed that the universe comprised of two primary energies, good and evil, light and dark, male and female. In other words, everything had an opposite and finding the balance would lead to a prosperous life and ultimately a prosperous society. Three “schools of thought” were born to figure out this balance. Confucianism, Legalism, and Daoism. Although, each are different in their beliefs, they each had the common goal of wanting to achieve harmony in their society and the universe.
In The Handmaid's Tale, Margaret Atwood explores how the structure of a dystopian society, the Republic of Gilead, that severely oppresses women relies on female characters’ internalized misogyny. Atwood investigates how both men and women contribute to the perpetuation of a vicious cycle. While critics and readers alike recognize the cruel treatment of women at the hands of men in Atwood’s dystopian society, the novel illustrates how women’s complicity allows misogyny to run even deeper in society.
From its reclusive origins, Daoism centralizes itself about “the Dao,” or “the Way,” in which human life must coexist with other life forms, preaching the significance of removing oneself from the temptations of society, quieting the mind in the practice of “wuwei,” and essentially deeming oneself selfless to the acts of nature. Eastern philosophy seems to adopt these praxes, despite their great differences from those accepted in the Western hemisphere, driven by Christianity and the belief that the earth’s purpose entails bending to the use of humans. Though Christianity dominates most of the world today, Daoism offers a distinct alternative, and critique, to Western methods of reasoning, as articulated by Laozi in The Daodejing. Throughout
The Daodejing, similar to the Analects, was written during the Warring State period, a time when the Zhou kingdom disintegrated into a series of feudal states fighting for power—a time of fragmentation and chaos. The Daodejing was written for Daoist, educated men, and people interested in Daoist teachings. The Daodejing was written to inform people, therefore, it was written as if speaking to a student. Laozi, the author of the Daodejing, although has no proof of existence, is believed to be a keeper of archives in the royal court and a teacher who travelled around China. The purpose of the Daodejing is to articulate Laozi’s ideas on Daosim and inform people about his philosophy.
The income inequality is extremely high at the level of the Middle East taken as whole. This comes simply because national difference in per capita GNP is particularly high because the main production of most Middle East countries is oil, and the countries that produce oil have an extremely high government revenue and the oil companies also have an extremely high revenue, so the income distribution by the companies and the government is most likely to be high because those companies are not worried about distributing income. However, there are countries and companies that are extremely worried within the Middle East, because those countries and companies such as Syria, India and Iraq always have serious issue of distributing income because
Kramer’s argument is that the importance of goddesses in Sumer decreases as time goes on because of the increase in male dominance. In early Sumer, around 2350 BCE, women and men were treated and valued equally. As time went on, men increasingly devalued women and goddesses. Kramer uses specific examples of goddesses to prove his point. The sexist theologians did not instantly demote all the goddesses, but rather, over the span of hundreds of years. Kramer remarks that the same issues, specifically regarding gender rights, that occurred in Sumer and still continuing today in present society. Women were treated like second-class citizens.
Daoism, also known as Taoism, is originally a Chinese religious tradition that is centralized in living in harmony with the Tao, meaning “way”, “path”, or
Yellow Earth is a Chinese movie directed by Chen Kai-ge in 1984. The movie’s cinematography is by Zhang Yimou. The movie was filmed when the Guomingdang and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) had temporarily joined forces to fight against Japanese invaders. The protagonist, Gu Qing, is a CCP soldier who travels to a poor, rural village in Shanbei. His task is to collect local folk songs so that they can be rewritten with communist lyrics. Gu Qing stays with a peasant widower, Da Shu, and his two children, Cui Qiao and Hanhan.