My group recorded higher heart rate compare to the class average when we used caffeine on the Daphnia as seen in Figure 2. Several errors could have accounted for this data. This including perhaps the Daphnia’s heart rate may have changed because of fear while being moved from the bowl to the microscope slide. Another possible error could have also been the amount of time that it took to change the solutions, which could have accounted for slight variations in heart rate. Temperature is yet a further error to account for as the microscope slide temperature was constantly changing to view the specimen, and change the dosage of caffeine or alcohol. The temperature of the solutions could also have played a factor in the Daphnia Heart rate as ideal conditions for Daphnia is 68 degrees Fahrenheit and the temperature of the solutions was not measured for. …show more content…
The results that we concluded were the same with what we expected from our hypothesis. The Daphnia heart rate increased higher as it was placed in the various solutions of caffeine. The heart rate had a decrease as the Daphnia was exposed to the alcohol. This experiment helps understand how cellular biology works in a controlled environment. We also learn and understand the effects of alcohol and caffeine does to our body and health. Not just human but animals and other organisms as well. Daphnia biology still showed a reaction even though we tried the experiment on a smaller scale a larger scale. Daphnia biology showed the same reaction the exact way a human would when exposed to a stimulant or
Daphnia Magna are small crustaceans that are excellent for observing the effect of depressants on their nervous system. The purpose of this specific experiment is to observe the effect of ethanol, aspirin, and caffeine on daphnia’s heart rate. Not only do these chemicals affect heart rate, but they also affect the frequency of reproduction, number of eggs produced, and body structure. Pesticides similar to these chemicals can be released into the environment and daphnia re useful in monitoring toxicity levels. The agents being tested in this experiment can be administered to determine the effects of hormones, stimulants, antidepressants, and neurotransmitters.
A variety of factors can change the heart rate of Daphnia. According to Richard Handy (2012), “The heart rate (which can be up to 300 beats per minute) can be monitored and counted in different conditions – for example changing water temperature, or changing the type
During this experiment, mitochondria were isolated from 20.2 grams of cauliflower using extraction buffer, filtration through Miracloth, and centrifusion. Twelve samples containing various volumes of mitochondrial suspension, assay buffer, DCIP, sodium azide, and citric acid cycle intermediates were prepared to be read by a spectrophotometer. The inclusion of the dye DCIP allowed for the absorbance of the reactions between the mitochondrial suspension and the TCA cycle intermediates succinate, malonate, and oxalate to be measured, as DCIP turns from blue to colorless as the activity of succinate dehydrogenase increases. Experimental Findings Increasing the number of mitochondria in the reaction did increase the reduction of DCIP relative to the amount of mitochondrial suspension present.
Nonetheless, besides fish, many other kinds of poikilothermic animals, such as snakes and frogs, use lungs instead of gills to breathe, and further researches may be conducted to explore if caffeine has an effect on their metabolism. For example, forty northern leopard frogs with similar body size will be captured and divided into twenty trials, and each two frogs will be tested in the same control and experimental conditions as the goldfish metabolism experiment did. The collected slopes of oxygen concentration will then be converted into oxygen consumption rate and analyzed by the paired t-test. If the difference in the oxygen consumption rate between the control and experimental groups is statistically significant, this experiment will show that caffeine affects the metabolism of frogs, one kind of poikilotherms that use lungs to
From this research and literature the expected results of the experiment were to see an increase in membrane permeability, this result was observed. The study provides a brief insight into what kind of effects alcohol can have on cell membranes but it is limited. The results can be used to understand but not explain more practical applications, like human cells for example. Conclusion
Caffeine, Nicotine, ethanol, and a control solution were tested. The heart rate of Daphnia was measured after exposure to each of the chemicals. After testing, it was found that ethanol depressed the heart rate while exposed, but the heart rate stabilized after exposure. With exposure to nicotine, the heart rate increased by 20%. If more nicotine was added, the effects were varied and sometimes irreversible.
Hypotheses: Do you expect heat to be a chronotropic factor? Yes Do you expect heat to be an inotropic factor? Yes Procedure and Results: Control Heart Rate (After rinsing) beats/min Experimental procedure Heart Rate after treatment beats/min Change in Heart Rate beats/min Strength of Contraction after treatment compared to normal (stronger or weaker) Baseline rate: 72 Continuously drop warm Frog Ringer’s onto the heart 48 -24 Weaker Rate after rinsing: 72 Continuously drop cold Frog Ringer’s onto the heart 60 -12 Weaker
Coffee vs energy drinks, who will win? People drink coffee and energy drinks because they wake you up and they get you ready for the day. Most energy drinks hold 8.4 ounces. On the other hand, coffee has 8 ounces. On the healthier side, coffee only has 1 calorie for 8 ounces while energy drinks have 110 calories for 8.4 ounces.
Perspectives are often prejudiced by preconceived notions. Society has historically communicated that addicts are morally negligent people without any inclination to cease their destructive behavior and that the addiction itself is produced because of a character flaw or a weakness. Citing the addict’s seemingly careless attitude toward the financial burden and pain and suffering they arbitrarily cause others as proof of their imagined personality imperfections. As with numerous other things, unfortunately, experience is the best teacher. Before my personal journey with a drug-addicted child, I also held to the belief that an addict was an addict by choice and could stop the abuse by simply making the decision to.
Increasingly, studies show that: Adverse drug reactions kill more than 10,000 people a year in the U.K. (and more than 100,000 in the U.S.) These outrageous numbers fail reassure us that all drugs undergo testing on animals to ensure human safety. Many studies published in the scientific literature company drug side effects in humans and animals have found animal tests to be less predictive than tossing a coin. (Archibald 14) Therefore, it is inevitable at this point in time, that humans are the ultimate
Caffeine is a chemical found naturally in few plants all over the world. From these plants it is processed into its pure form and then put into other things such as soda, energy drinks, tea, and pills. Energy drinks and soda are some of the most widely marketed products in the world, even though they contain the highest concentration of caffeine outside of pure caffeine supplements. It is a stimulant that affects everyone in strange but semi predictable ways. Research has been done on this topic since the 1920’s and many different conclusions have been reached.
If a drug makes negative effects in animals, it would probably be the same for humans as well (Trull). It is understandable that many people argue that animal testing is cruel. In some cases, this is true; however, it would be much crueler to test drugs on people, or to let them die because of curiosity with the new drugs. Many people are highly acknowledged that drugs are the most important ingredient to cure and treat illnesses. After all, the majority of a person’s lifespan relies on drugs.
Whenever a consumer uses an energy drink a series of effects begin in his/her body. The organism receives an instant boost as the caffeine successfully manages to block the duties of the adenosine, a chemical located in the brain whose function is involved with sleeping. After the completion of the process caffeine forces part of the neurons in the brain to lighten up, which later on causes the body to release the hormone adrenaline. When the hormone is active it forces the liver to provide the bloodstream with additional
The body will naturally venture to dilute the heavy intake of sugar and caffeine, but without the balance throughout the body, then the body begins to fail. This is an issue that we have to take
This is a prime example of the biological differences between humans and animals, as even though the drug was tested and found to be successful in animals similar to humans, the drug, when actually tested on humans, proved to be incredibly dangerous. Another example of the effect on biological differences on research is between chimpanzees and humans infected with AIDS, which is now