Daphnia Magna Experiment

The major sources of water pollution in the Philippines are inadequately treated domestic wastewater or sewage, agricultural wastewater, industrial wastewater, and nonpoint sources such as rain- and groundwater runoff from solid waste or garbage deposits, which is also known as leachate. (The Problem) Water pollution in the Philippines can cause waterborne diseases by drinking polluted water: Typhoid, Amoebiasis, Giardiasis, Ascariasis, and Hookworm. Water pollution may also result from interactions between water and contaminated soil, as well as from deposition of air contaminants (such as acid rain) (Pollution Effects On Humans, Animals, Plants and The Environment) The World Bank estimates that exposure to water pollution and poor sanitation account for one-sixth of reported disease cases, and nearly 6,000 premature deaths per year. The cost of treatment and lost income from illness and death due to water pollution is pegged at PHP 6.7 billion (US$134 million) per year (PEM 2006). (Lohani, B. N., and T. M. Roblo) (Lohani, B. N., and T. M. Roblo) The area in the Philippines that are affected by water pollution are: According to data from the Philippine Environment Monitor and the EMB, four regions had unsatisfactory ratings for their water quality criteria.

This will affect drinking water, irrigation, and fisheries, according to researchers from AJOL. High amounts of lead were also being deposited at one of the sites, well above the recommended amount. This will lead to lead being built up where the waste is disposed, and that isn’t good for drinking water, or marine organisms. They also found that cadmium was being released into the water, which can be toxic to fish, and carcinogenic to people. High levels of potassium were also found, which can be dangerous if too much is present in drinking water.

This toxin is extremely harmful and successfully enhances the survival of P.Maculata. Food supply is also a key biotic factor in the rocky shore. The P.Maculata are carnivores, feeding on sea anemones, bryzoanes and sponges. When there is a low concentration of food source in the zone the organism is washed up to the P.maculata will struggle for food. However, if there is a high concentration of P.Maculata in the surfaced zone,then the P.Maculata will compete against its own for food resulting in aggressive competition.

On the other hand, the importance of Daphnia in the food chain is significant as Daphnia is preyed upon by several aquatic organisms such as tadpoles, salamanders, aquatic insects, and many of small fish species. Ultimately, and by the end of the chain, food fish for human consumption could be affected as a result of the negative changes in Daphnia

Water pollution. Water pollution is any chemical, physical or biological change in the quality of water that has a harmful effect on any living thing that drinks or uses or lives in it. When humans drink polluted water it often has serious effects on their health. Water pollution can also make water unsuited for the desired use. Usually water pollution is caused by the waste from sewage, and factories.

Surface water pollution occurs in many ways. They could be solid or liquid discharge from households and industries and agricultural lands entering the waterways. Rivers get polluted due to industrial effluents, agricultural leachate, household and tourism wastes. Lakes also get polluted from industrial effluents and other sources one among the main contributors being tourism. Oceans are vast water bodies, and large quantities of wastes have been dumped into them under the assumption that its not a serious problem.

Goldfish Diseases, Symptoms and Possible Cures There is a huge range of Goldfish Diseases and Goldfish illnesses such as parasites and infections. These effects are usually increased by overcrowding and not sufficient aquarium care. We will highlight here a few of the diseases particularly relevant to the goldfish. While most can be prevented, it can occur in even the best kept tanks. INFECTIOUS DISEASES: FUNGUS Goldfish diseases This is caused by (Achyla and Saprolegnia) and is a common disease to aquarium fishes, but usually only effect fish that are already in a poor condition (the reason for this is not clear).

Content. Definition of water pollution. Water pollution is defined as the water contamination due to the direct or indirect pollutant that were discharge into river and contamination of the chemical that was not properly treated to remove harmful compound. Factors that cause water pollutions. There are several factors that causes the water pollution such as the non-point source, point source, rubbish dumping, industrial waste, and ballast water tank.

Addition to these, disposal of dead bodies, discharge of industrial and sewage wastes and agricultural runoff, which are major cause of ecological damage and pose serious health hazards (Meitei et al., 2004a). The pollutant from agricultural lands such as fertilizers, pesticides and fungicides and from anthropogenic activities such as mining, disposal of toxic metals, human and animal faeces, industrial, domestic, municipal wastes are continuously discharged into river, such as Vaigai, are the major casues for deterioration of water quality (Karet al,2008 and Amman et al, 2002). In order to maintain the quality of drinking water, an essential component to humans and other living

One example is eutrophication which causes a dense growth of plant life leading to the death of marine life from lack of oxygen. This is significant because it has serious, long-term effects. The most remarkable effect of eutrophication is blocking light from reaching the water. Smith and Schindler (2009) investigated that eutrophication prevents the aquatic plants from photosynthesizing and that would lead to reductions in fishes and in the food chain in general. In addition, when fishes die from lack of oxygen, they sink to the bottom, and the microbes that break down the organisms need oxygen to continue this process.