Homers complex writing is devoted to the extend he gives on the perspective into the Greek underworld, stories in which were prevailing in the Greek society. The numerous conditions of the reality of the afterlife are deeply described rather than the setting of the underworld. The underworld is described as the House of Hades which is where your death and inevitable fate lies. It is signified in The Odyssey Book XI, concretely in the scenes of Odysseus mother’s death in the Cimmerians, the Greek culture expresses a depressing but inevitable view of death as a complete dichotomy of the fate but shows the indication of more than just one afterlife. In the arrival of Odysseus, the treatment of the dead is surrounded in gloomy depressing afterlife that is within the underworld. “The sun never shines there, never climbs the starry sky to beam down at them…their wretched sky is always racked with the night’s gloom.” (17-19) This text reveals the afterlife is giving no sign of happiness, the skies are …show more content…
Rather than pleading how much this dreadful afterlife is Elpenor seems to care more about his body and remembrance of him not even bringing into context about the painful, lonely and joyless circumstance he’s experiencing. What he cares about is his legacy and how he will be buried, there is no withdraw of their self-knowledge or life they lived but the this signifies that the dead remotely resemble who they were when they were a part of life. Meaning, although in the House of Hades it is dark and gloomy there is still some sort of realization of who you are and what’s happened. Odysseus even recognizes the ghosts immediately, which shows that while their treatment is bad and lonely they aren’t completely stripped of appearance and if they’re recognizable then they must be in good enough health rather than weak and
Socrates once said, “All men's souls are immortal, but the souls of the righteous are immortal and divine.” These words by Socrates highlight the terrifying voyage that Odysseus takes over the span of twenty years and how through the souls of the dead, virtue, pride and passion allowed Odysseus, the main character, to grow into an epic hero. In The Odyssey, the author Homer, takes the reader on a thought-provoking journey with the use of figurative language and literary devices wherein Odysseus becomes a hero in both the physical and the spiritual sense. Odysseus is undoubtedly a flawed man, a mortal man, as evidenced by the language of the novel, but it is in his journey, through the obstacles he faces that he grows into a heroic man by utilizing his ingenuity, and comes away from the journey with pride and passion. Odysseus is
The Odyssey is an epic poem written by Homer and translated by Robert Fitzgerald. In the epic a man, Odysseus, is separated from his family and is worried about the loyalty they have to him. Odysseus' story is relevant to those of men and women in the world. Just like Odysseus, people all around the world begin to wonder if their families have been loyal to them after a long absence. In book 11 Odysseus visits The Land of The Dead to get a prophecy from Teiresias, but as he goes to Teiresias Odysseus finds the ghost of his mother and bombards her many questions.
In Odyssey, the chthonic god, Hades, is introduced and the underworld is described as a very gloomy and dark place. All death souls are to go to the underworld. Only the cruel sinners, like ___, are the ones who get punished eternally. The second ancient Greek book that deals with afterlife is Plato’s Republic. In the last section of his book, Plato brings up the myth of Er.
In Homer’s “The Odyssey” the traces and nuances of this pursuit can be found in the very structure and hierarchy of Ancient Greece. Through his storytelling, Homer paints a vivid picture of adventure and wonder, but even while Homer tries to deliver an
Religion is a large part of modern life. It influences our belief system and values, as well as shapes who we are as human beings. However, most individuals decide upon and follow a belief system on a voluntary basis. Imagine not only being forced to follow a belief system, but having this system dominate your every action. This is the case for classic epic heroes, such as Oedipus, Odysseus, and Aeneas.
The emphasis of The Odyssey is to exemplify the woes of men, whether it be sex, marriage, murder, lust, stealing, or lying. Odysseus travels to the Underworld to be cleansed for his return home. A lot of the details of the Underworld in The Odyssey are left to the audience’s imagination. We are led to believe that it is much worse than the physical world by Achilles ’s quote in Book 11.
In the Odyssey, I feel as if the Gods role was to function more as spiritual guides and as support for the human of choice. An example being Athena reuniting Odessyus and his son after 20 years, Hermes warning Odysseus of Circes witchcraft, and Circes giving him directions. Yet, I also feel as if they punish for poor behavior as well.
Odysseus’s crewmate, Elpenor, dies tragically, and when visiting the Underworld, Elpenor implores that Odysseus “do not abandon me unwept, unburied, to tempt the gods’ wrath, while you sail home”(XI.81-XI.82), which is what Odysseus exactly intended to do, a violation of ancient Greek ritual. According to Greek culture, the dead are to be given a proper burial, and if they are not, they will never be able to reach the Underworld; the ultimate disrespect to the Greeks is leaving the dead dishonored by leaving them unburied. Odysseus is a Greek warrior who nearly violated his own customs; to elaborate, this gesture by Odysseus confirms his complete disregard for people's wellbeing. Elpenor’s soul could wander eternally without ever reaching the afterlife, but Odysseus nearly leaves him unburied; he is inconsiderate of what happens to even the closest of friends, revealing the true extent of Odysseus’s disregard.
Universal human experiences: occurrences that happen to all people. Throughout the Odyssey, Odysseus struggles with engendering, and searches for, connections to other people. The universal human experience portrayed in the Odyssey of connecting with other people is shown through Odysseus's struggle with honest, loyalty, and From some of the events that happen in the Odyssey, it is clear that Odysseus struggles with honesty. This is especially shown in some of the interactions with his crew. After receiving the wind bag from Boreas (Homer ), Odysseus is given explicit instructions to not open the bag.
From Odysseus’ time with Calypso in Ogygia up until the moment he takes back his home and wife from the suitors in Ithaca, the struggles he faces help answer what makes for a good life. Homer uses Odysseus’ journey throughout “The Odyssey” to identify four aspects of a good life: mortality, honor, hospitality, and experiences. Homer reveals that mortality is necessary for a good life when Odysseus denies the opportunity for immortality that Calypso offers, he shows the significance of honor in his description of Odysseus’ bravery in the Trojan war and the consequent respect that Odysseus’ crew has for him, Homer reinforces the importance of hospitality in each city Odysseus travels to, and he conveys that experiences, good or bad, define a good life. The Greeks held their gods in high esteem and therefore when Homer or other characters in the epic refer to Odysseus as being “godlike,” this is one of the highest compliments he could receive.
The definition of a journey is extremely broad; it is simply to travel from one place to the next and consists of a start, a middle, and an end. A journey is able to be delightful or distressing; the possibilities are endless. Humans lives are one humongous journey. Furthermore, it is common for humans to write about these journeys and include them in literature. The Odyssey by Homer takes place after the Trojan War and tells the arduous and frustrating story of a demigod and his journey to return home.
Ghost figures in literature are usually metaphors for the past. In some cases their presence is not meant to haunt or terrify, but rather remind living characters of certain events or feelings, thus creating a link between the living and the dead. This link can provide insight for the living character. In both Homer’s, Odyssey and Vergil’s, Aeneid, the main characters are confronted by the ghost of people from their past. It is in these appearances were both, Odysseus and Aeneas, hear from their deceased loved ones and their contrasting views toward death.
The relationships between the Greek gods and mortals have always been complicated. The gods can be generous and supportive, but also harsh and destructive towards the humans. They claim to be all powerful beings with unlimited power and influence, but in truth, they are far more human than they are perceived. They meddle with human lives, not because they are wise, but because of their own selfish reasons. In Homer’s
In the poem, “The Odyssey,” Homer depicts an epic poem which took place in 720 B.C. In the era Homer talks about a man named Odysseus who was in the war of Troy. He has been cursed by the god Poseidon who has kept him from home for twenty years. Odysseus has been trying to get back home to his wife Penelope and his son Telemachus. Although on his journey back home he is unaware that suitors are threatening his home and family.
“…if I disobeyed the oracle because I was afraid of death: then I should be fancying that I was wise when I was not wise. For this fear of death is indeed the pretence of wisdom, and not real wisdom, being the appearance of the unknown: since no one knows whether death, which they in their fear apprehend to be the greatest evil, may not be the greatest good” (Apology, 29a-29b). This potent statement not only highlights Socrates’ wisdom, it effectively makes use of his belief that he is wise because he knows nothing. By saying that he knows nothing of the afterlife, it gives him the reason to illustrate to his audience that he cannot fear what he does not know.